Margraviate of Baden
Territory of the Holy Roman Empire
The Margraviate of Baden is a historical territory of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation. Was founded in 1112 and existed as already mentioned, first to the division in 1535 the Margraviate of Baden -Durlach and the Margraviate of Baden -Baden. In 1771 they lived with their reunification on again until it rose in 1803 and 1806 in the Electorate of the Grand Duchy of Baden. The gentlemen of the Margraviate emerged from the noble Zähringerplatz.
History
Founding and naming
The founder of the dynasty of the Margrave of Baden was Hermann I (1052-1074), the elder son of Zähringer Berthold I. ( 1024-1078 ). His son, Count Hermann II, Count of Breisgau called, at first Margrave of Limburg, then in 1112 the first Margrave of Baden. He had the area around Baden -Baden obtained by balancing the Zähringerplatz with the Swabians at the duchy of Swabia and led inherited from his father Margrave title - originally that of Mark Verona - in conjunction with the new center of power, the castle Hohenbaden (Old Palace ) in Baden -Baden.
Territorial acquisitions
The original center of power at the center of the Neckar to Backnang, Besigheim and the newly acquired territories in the Upper Rhine were only connected in 1219 through the acquisition of Pforzheim from the legacy of the Welf Count Palatine Henry.
In the 12th and 13th centuries were the Baden partisan of the Hohenstaufen, between Backnang and Stuttgart, Karlsruhe area, in the northern Black Forest and in the Breisgau was the territorial expansion of the Margraviate. Important for the consolidation of the Margraviate was the acquisition of half of the dominions Lahr and Mahlberg in 1442, creating a link between the southern and the northern part breisgauischen area around Baden -Baden was recovered. The late Middle Ages saw the expansion of Baden towards the princely territorial state (administration, finance), Baden became an important territory between the Habsburg possessions in the Breisgau and Ortenau and the Duchy of Württemberg.
The side lines
From 1190 there was a Hachberger line, which was bought back in 1415 by Margrave Bernard I ( 1372-1431 ), but without the ringing Berger country's domination that did not come until 1503 at the Baden main line.
Division into two territories in 1535
Through inheritance Baden was split in 1535 into the territories Margraviate of Baden -Durlach ( with Hachberg - Sausenberg ) and Margraviate of Baden -Baden.
Association of Part Count sheep in 1771
Margrave Karl Friedrich of Baden -Durlach in 1771 inherited the Catholic line of Baden-Baden and incorporated it into his reign. Residence was Karlsruhe, where Margrave Karl Wilhelm of Baden- Durlach 1715 had moved his residence. In Karl Frederick tenure, the (1803-1806) developed from 1771 Margraviate of Baden -called field through an electorate under significant growth area for the Grand Duchy of Baden ( 1806-1918 ).