MarÃa Zambrano
María Zambrano Alarcón ( born April 22, 1904 in Vélez -Málaga, Spain, † February 6, 1991 in Madrid) was a Spanish ( religion ) philosopher, poet and essayist. Her work is strongly influenced by their academic teacher, the Spanish philosopher José Ortega y Gasset.
Biography
María Zambrano spent her childhood and youth in Vélez -Málaga, Madrid and Segovia. From 1921 she studied philosophy in Madrid, inter alia, in Ortega y Gasset. From 1931 to 1936 she taught philosophy at the Universidad de Madrid. Since Zambrano became involved in the Spanish Civil War on the Republican side, they had to leave Spain after Franco's victory and spent the years up to 1984 in exile, including in Mexico, Cuba, Switzerland and France. 1981 her work was awarded the Prince of Asturias Award, in 1988 she became the first woman to Cervantespreis. 2004 her life story was filmed under the title María querida ( "Beloved María " ) by José Luis García Sánchez. The main railway station of Malaga bears her name.
Philosophy
For Zambrano the Divine is one of self-determination of the people indispensable figment of human razón poética (about: " poietic reason" ), which was needed as an Other, because knowledge in the poietic mode is differentially organized. This kind of knowledge that sees realized in the Pythagorean mathematics and literature Zambrano, 'm the dominant in Western thought since Aristotle logo centered substance or identity discourse conflictive, but complementary opposite (see also: logocentrism ). Both modes of access to knowledge so be dependent on each other, the reconstruction of the poietic thought was necessary to break the one-sidedness of the unit thinking.
Publications
- Horizontes del liberalismo (1930; " horizons of liberalism " )
- Hacia un saber del alma (1934, 'Towards a knowledge of the soul " )
- Filosofia y poesía (1940 ); German: philosophy and poetry and other writings. Hg and from the chip. translated by Charlotte free. Vienna: Turia & Kant, 2004, ISBN 978-3-85132-455-6
- La agonía de Europa (1945 ); dt The decline of Europe. Translated from Spanish by Charlotte free. Vienna: Turia Kant, 2004, ISBN 978-3-85132-387-0
- Hacia un saber sobre alma al (1950; "For a knowledge of the soul " )
- El hombre y lo divino ( 1953); dt: the human and the divine. Translated from Spanish by Charlotte free. Vienna: Turia Kant, 2005, ISBN 3-85132-430-7
- Persona y democracia: Una historia sacrificial (1959; " person and democracy: a history of sacrifice " )
- La tumba de Antígona ( 1967; " Antigone's grave " )
- Claros del bosque (1977); German: forest clearings. Translated from Spanish by Gerhard Popp mountain. Frankfurt: Suhrkamp, 1986, ISBN 3-518-40451-2
- Los bienaventurados ( 1979, " The Blessed " )
- De la aurora ( 1986, " From the Dawn " )
- El reposo de la luz ( 1986, " The rest of light" )
- Para una historia de la piedad ( 1989, " On the history of piety " )
- Delirio y destino (written 1953, published in 1989; " delusion and skill " )
- Unamuno (written 1940, published 2003; " Unamuno " )