Marianne Breslauer
Marianne Breslauer (married Marianne Feilchenfeldt, born November 20, 1909 in Berlin, † February 7, 2001 in Zurich ) was a German photographer during the Weimar Republic and art dealer.
Life and work
Marianne Breslauer was the daughter of the architect Alfred Breslauer and Dorothea Lessing, daughter of Julius Lessing in Berlin. Because of their admiration for the famous Berlin portrait photographer Frieda Riess and society she attended from 1927 to 1929 the photography class of Photographic Academy Latvian House in Berlin. As a 20 - year-old she was there her exams.
In 1929 she took part at the Stuttgart exhibition " Film und Foto " of the German Werkbund and fulfilled the dream of a stay in Paris. There she was briefly a student of Man Ray, who encouraged her to independence. "Paris was the destination of my dreams - there I wanted, whenever possible, a time to live ," she wrote in her memoirs later. She realized there that she given the dynamic nature of this city did not come far with the learned resources of studio photography and went completely new ways in their imagery. My interest was in works such as those of the Hungarian photographer André Kertész. However, as a goal of their own work, she saw especially the photojournalism subject to the provisos of the New Vision. She wanted to photograph people and their environment, taking advantage of the technique mastered by Erich Salomon the "invisible camera " advantage.
Marianne Breslauer shows a view for dramatizing image compositions: Two lonely fisherman on the Seine she moves into the upper third of the photo and lets the paving stones the rest of the surface and the composition of the picture control. The tackling against the central perspective hierarchy of the image space she had learned from the Impressionists to whom she met in Paris. It is also the formal vocabulary of the New Vision. It was " rule violations " against the aesthetic standards of the then prevailing academic scholarly Photography.
A year later she got a job at the Berlin photo studio Ullsteinhaus, which was led by Elsbeth Heddenhausen. In the darkroom she met all stages of film development and the negative magnification. By 1934, Marianne Breslauer published in numerous magazines such as the Frankfurt magazines, the cross-section, the lady, the UHU, the world mirror and the magazine.
In 1931 she traveled to Palestine, where some of her most famous recordings were made. About Ruth Landshoff learned Marianne Breslauer the " girl group" to know about the Swiss Annemarie Schwarzenbach, with whom she befriended and accompanied them on many tours later. 1933 sent the Berlin-based agency " Academia " the two women for a report to the Spanish Pyrenees; for Schwarzenbach it was the beginning of her literary and photographic work. For Marianne Breslauer himself first serious problems arose with their Jewish origin. She was asked not to publish their pictures under her birth name, but to choose a pseudonym, but she refused. Your resulting there recording schoolgirl but was awarded in 1934 at the " Salon international d'art photographique " in Paris as " Picture of the Year ".
1933 left Marianne Breslauer Germany. She lived with no fixed abode, until she moved in 1936 to Amsterdam and also emigrated from Germany art dealer Walter Feilchenfeldt married. Photographing she gave up in 1937 and devoted himself with her husband on the art market. In January 1939 their first son Walter was born; outbreak of war in September 1939, she was with her husband in Switzerland. In 1944, the second son Conrad was born.
After the Second World War in 1948, they opened an art trading company under his own name with a focus on French paintings and drawings from the 19th century. As 1953 Breslauer's husband died, she took over the business and worked from 1966 to 1990 with her son Walter together. Under the name Marianne Feilchenfeldt she built, one of the first women in a male domain, a highly regarded reputation in this industry.
In the 1980s, her photographic work was rediscovered, and one dedicated to her numerous publications and exhibitions, including at the New National Gallery in Berlin. Breslauer's estate is located in the Fotostiftung Switzerland. Some of their works are also in possession of Berlinischen gallery. It is in particular their final Solution work on the Photographic Academy Lette house. They formed together with many other different material from the estate of the basis for the exhibition in the early summer of 2010 entitled " Marianne Breslauer. Unheeded moments. Photographs 1927-1936 ".