Marie-Anne Pierrette Paulze
Marie- Anne Pierrette Lavoisier Paulze ( born January 20, 1758 in Montbrison, † February 10, 1836 in Paris) was a chemist, illustrator and Salonnière. She worked closely with her husband Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier.
Life and work
She was the daughter of Jacques Paulze (1723-1794) and Claudine Catherine De Thoynet Rozières († 1761). Her father was the director of the French East India Company ( Directeur de la Compagnie des Indes ) and -general in the agricultural sector, the so-called main tax collector ( Fermier général). He was guillotined on 8 May in 1794. Her older brother was a Christian François Joseph Paulze d' Ivoy ( 1755-1793 ).
Marie- Anne Pierrette Paulze married on November 16, 1771 as a thirteen- year-old chemist Antoine Laurent Lavoisier, according to other sources on December 4, 1771st Lavoisier was then 28 years old.
She worked with him in chemical experiments, in particular, they often led the lab book and created many illustrations for the works of her husband. Marie Lavoisier translated about Richard Kirwan 's Essay on Phlogiston and the Constitution of Acids (1787 ) from English into French and, thus permitting her husband to deal critically with Kirwans ideas.
Jacques -Louis David portraits of the couple Lavoisier in 1788, the purpose paid 7000 livres. Marie Lavoisier received a part of her artistic training by just the founder of classicism in France, Jacques -Louis David. She acquired and improved their knowledge in the graphic techniques of painting, drawing and copper piercing. By Marie Lavoisier also a portrait of Benjamin Franklin from the years 1787/88 to originate; it was created by her after a drawing by Joseph Siffred Duplessis ( 1725-1802 ). Benjamin Franklin was a friend of the couple Lavoisier. The painting was sent by Marie Lavoisier in 1788 to Benjamin Franklin to Philadelphia.
On May 8, 1794, her husband is spoken by the Revolutionary Tribunal convicted and beheaded the next day on the scaffold. All property and assets were confiscated by the Revolutionary Tribunal. Marie Lavoisier lost all references. When the Terror ( la Grande Terreur ) approached its climax, she too was imprisoned for some time. After her release, she was devoid of any means. The 1795 then brought the revision of the processes of 1794 and the executed main tax collector were rehabilitated, returned the assets to the heirs. She was due to its lush heritage from now on as good match.
The economist Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours, friend of Thomas Jefferson and the father emigrated to the United States Eleuthère Irenee du Pont (founder of the DuPont), wooed her, but was rejected by her.
On Saturday, October 12, 1805, she married Benjamin Thompson ( 1753-1814 ), known as Count Rumford. The marriage was happy little; subsequently fell in 1807 and in 1810 they were divorced.
In the Napoleonic era, she founded a salon in the Paris hotel hôtel de la rue d' Anjou -Saint -Honore. She and her salon were an integral part of Parisian society; he was regularly visited by the leading scientists in France, so of Joseph -Louis Lagrange, Pierre -Simon Laplace, Claude -Louis Berthollet, François Arago and Jean- Baptiste Biot to name a few.
Translated scientific texts and conducted and published in 1805 by Antoine's death, the Mémoires de Chimie.