Marine propulsion

A marine engine is used to drive (mostly driving ) of a vessel (ships, boats, submarines, etc.). The speed of the vessel is controlled by the speed or the pitch of the variable pitch propeller.

Species

Among the pioneers of the ship's engines were the gas engines and the semi-diesel engines, but today only a little or play no role. Depending on the operating fabric of the ship propulsion motors are as follows:

  • Gas engine
  • Hot bulb engine
  • Electric motors powered by batteries and partly additional solar panels on the deck
  • Steam engines
  • Steam engines
  • Combustion engines (see also marine diesel engine )
  • Turbines
  • Magnetic Hydrodynamic drive (so far with little success among others in Japan tested )

The motors can be mounted in ( inboard ) or vehicle (outboard). For internal motors, the torque on a propeller shaft to the propeller, the blade wheel, a generator or the jet drive is transmitted. In hovercraft propeller does not work in the water but in the air.

  • Marine propulsion engines Major manufacturers of large engines (diesel engines) Caterpillar
  • Deutz AG
  • MAN Diesel
  • MTU Friedrichshafen
  • Wärtsilä
  • SEMT

Energy sources

  • Heavy oil, Orimulsion
  • Diesel fuel
  • Petroleum
  • Gasoline
  • Natural gas, town gas
  • Coal
  • Nuclear energy ( only for very large ships and submarines )
  • Electricity in the electric boat
  • Solar energy at the Solar Boat
  • Hydrogen (eg when Alsterschiff with fuel cell drive Alsterwasser )

The electric energy produced on board by generators or fuel cells. The generator in turn driven by internal combustion engines, steam engines, gas turbines, steam turbines or steam engines.

A special position electric drives with a solar generators that must carry any primary energy, but usually have batteries for buffering.

The generation of hydrogen in fuel cells is a very interesting option for submarines, as this high-speed pumps, high temperatures and hazardous physical processes are avoided (compared to nuclear reactors ). Application finds it in the built in Germany U -Boat 212 Class A.

The steam generation can be done for example by nuclear reactors, coal, oil or gas firing.

Velocity Steam motor Magnetohydrodynamic drive Caterpillar Inc. Zemships Naval architecture
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