Marius Barbeau

Charles Marius Barbeau, CC ( born March 5, 1883 in Sainte -Marie- de -Beauce, Quebec, † February 27, 1969 in Ottawa ) was a Canadian anthropologist, ethnologist and folklore researcher.

Barbeau attended the Collège de Ste -Anne -de- la- Pocatière. In 1903 he began to study law at Laval University, 1907, he went with a Rhodes Scholarship to Oxford, where he studied archeology, anthropology and ethology at Oriel College. He also attended summer courses at the École des hautes études of the Sorbonne and the Ecole d' anthropologie in Paris. Here he met Marcel Mauss and Raoul and Marguerite d' Harcourt know who directed his interest to the Native American folklore and culture of the early Indian civilizations.

In 1911 he got a job as an anthropologist and ethnologist at the Abbey Museum Lund of the Geological Survey of Canada, National Museum emerged from the 1927 .. During this time he began recording American Indian songs and stories with the phonograph, which it called Canadian especially for the mingling and French folklore interested.

By Edward Sapir and Ernest MacMillan, he learned the transcript of recorded folk songs in musical notation. After first trips in 1914 he undertook in 1916 an expedition along the Saint Lawrence River, in which he recorded more than 500 songs and numerous legends. His work had a great influence on anthropologists as Evelyn Bolduc, Gustave Lanctot, Adélard Lambert and Édouard - Zotique Massicotte. In the 1930s, François Brassard, Luc Lacourcière and Joseph Thomas Leblanc were his main disciples.

1916 Barbeau member of the Royal Society of Canada, the French section he headed from 1933. 1918 Barbeau president of the American Folklore Society, the Journal of American Folklore was he issued since 1915. In 1937 he was appointed president of the National Consulting Committee for the Protection of Canadian Wildlife, 1939 he was a member of the Washington Academy of Sciences, the Canadian Authors Association and the Société des canadiens écrivains.

From 1942 Barbeau taught at the University of Ottawa and Laval University. In 1948 he retired from work at the National Museum, 1954 after a stroke from teaching at the university back. In the following years he devoted himself to the transcription and publication of folk tunes and texts that he had collected on his expeditions.

From 1956 to 1963 he was President of the Canadian Society for Traditional Music, he was one of the founding members. In 1963 he reported in a series of CBC about his memories and discoveries. In addition to certificates of folklore, he also gained other testimonies of Indian culture that today, among other things Laurier Museum Commemoration find in the collections of the Royal Ontario Museum, the University of British Columbia, Museum of Chambly and Sir Wilifrid. In addition, he also pursued linguistic studies on the relationship of the languages ​​of the Hurons and Iroquois.

Barbeau published numerous papers and articles in various Canadian journals and left about 13,000 original texts of French and Native American songs, including 8000 with notes. For his work he has received numerous awards. He received three times the Prix David, in 1962 awarded the Medal of the Canada Council, in 1965 with the National Award of the University of Alberta and in 1968 an honorary diploma from the Canadian Conference of the Arts. In 1967 he was Companion of the Order of Canada.

In 1969, the highest peak in the Canadian Arctic Barbeau Peak was baptized, the city of Montreal in 1985 named a street after Barbeau. The Association canadienne d' ethnology et de folklore awards since 1978, the Médaille Marius Barbeau -, inter alia, Édith Butler, Larena Clark and Germain Lemieux received.

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