Marriage loan

The marriage loans was a family and labor market policies of the German Empire in the time of National Socialism, at the newlyweds has received a loan for the purchase of household items. Thus a number of objectives were connected. Due to increased domestic demand, job creation were indirectly increases and at the same time relieves the labor market, because the wife had to leave the employment. It should also be increased as population policy measure, the birth rate.

Conditions

The granting of a " marriage loan for the promotion of marriage " was only for women who were self- employed until then and their activity, as an employee with the marriage. The inclusion of a work them was for the duration of a loan and is prohibited how the working spouse received a minimum wage.

A First Implementing Regulation ( 1933, Imperial Law Gazette I, p 377) concluded from people who were not in possession of civil rights or passed on their political attitude doubt that they " wholeheartedly at any time for a national state" campaigning. A loan was denied even if a marriage of heredity reasons supposedly was not "in the interest of the national community ." A Second Implementing Regulation ( Reich Law Gazette I, p, 540) wrote this before a medical examination. " Non-Aryans " were - without that this was published in the Reich Law Gazette - ruled by " explanations " for the management practice in March 1934. After the messages from the German Empire people were not eligible in 1940.

Financing

A marriage loans could be applied up to a maximum of 1,000 Reichsmarks (from late 1939 up to RM 600 ), was interest-free and was repaid with 1.0 percent of the total monthly. It was in the form of " demand coverage certificates " that could be used solely for household from German production. For the " establishment of the home :" The acquisition of curtains, bedding, carpets, kitchen appliances, stoves, dishes, sewing machines, radios and even musical instruments to house music was allowed, but not clothing.

For each live-born child 25.0 percent of the loan amount has been adopted. In the population there was talk of the possibility of " abzukindern " the loan.

By the end of 1937 878.016 marriage loans worth an average of 641 Reichsmarks were issued. The financial resources required should by a special levy, which are applied " marriage help ", which was levied on all taxable income unmarried until the fifty-fifth year of life. In fact, the revenue from the married state aid fell far short of the allocated loan amount.

Abolition of work is prohibited

In 1935, the conditions changed ( Reich Law Gazette I, p 47), by now a nine-month minimum employment had to be proven. In July 1936, the employment ban was relaxed ( Reich Law Gazette I, p 576 ) and retroactive to October 1937, it was awarded the " Third Act amending the Act on Promotion of marriage " ( Reich Law Gazette I, p 1158 ) repealed. Now could choose the applicant. If the woman is pursued not in gainful employment, so it remained a month at the amortization rate of 1.0 percent, otherwise the rate rose to 3.0 percent.

The Reich Ministry of Finance established the Law amending it, the work ban must be omitted in order to secure the implementation of the Four Year Plan can. The shortage of labor, which was felt through the upgrade should be mitigated by women's work.

Political economy effects

The economic policy impact of the measure was indeed weakened, because at the same time a part of the purchasing power was removed elsewhere by the special levy. By 1937, however, loans were disbursed to the value of 563 million Reichsmark, while the revenue earned by the " marriage help " were much lower, can be so spoken of a " expansive measure" for the indirect job creation.

Due to the displacement of the wives out of employment, the labor market was relieved by the end of 1935 to around half a million women. The end of 1937 was achieved because of the upgrade a full employment, so that this objective was omitted.

The impact of marital status on the loan, the number of marriages can not be derived directly. The increase of 510.00 marriages in 1932 to 631,000 marriages in 1933 and 731,000 marriages in 1934 is returned from Humann largely due to the overall economic recovery. The use of the loan declined over the same period from 37.0 percent to 31.0 percent of newlyweds and 1935 was only 24.0 percent. The marriage loans have had here only a " flanking " effect.

Comparable regulations

In the GDR there was a similar scheme which was known as the marriage loan. In West Berlin, in 1962 a "family foundation loans " offered to encourage young families to move. In Saxony- Anhalt (re - ) introduction of such a scheme has been discussed intensively. In Thuringia there is a so-called family loan, which is not, however, without interest.