Martin Hengel

Martin Hengel ( born December 14, 1926 in Reutlingen, † July 2, 2009 in Tübingen ) was a German Protestant theologian.

Life

Hengel received his doctorate in 1959 and his habilitation in 1967 in Tübingen. He became a professor in Erlangen in 1968. From 1972 to 1992 he was professor of New Testament and ancient Judaism at the Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen and director of the Institute for ancient Judaism and Hellenistic religious history. Since 1992 he was professor emeritus. Hengel was honorary doctorates from the universities of Uppsala and Strasbourg, Doctor of Divinity of the University of St. Andrews, Durham and Cambridge and Litt. D. of the University of Dublin. Since 1978 he was a member of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences.

Hengel died in 2009 and was buried on the mountain Tübingen cemetery.

Hengel as a New Testament scholar

Hengel was an expert on the history of early Judaism at the time of the New Testament and has been dealing with the influences of Hellenism on the Palestinian Judaism. He pointed out that Judaism and Hellenism influenced each other in complex ways, and corrected doing some basic assumptions of the History of Religions School, in particular theories of Rudolf Bultmann.

As a researcher with broad recognition allowed himself Hengel critical judgments about trends in New Testament scholarship. He assessed the concentration of the relatively extensive low- skeptical New Testament:

Hengel took the authenticity of the Gospels - headings ( " Gospel of Mark ", etc.), because a subsequent introduction of the author's name could hardly have been in such uniformity - enforced - as it is in the manuscript evidence. With the image of such subsequent introduction " an ahistorical mumbo built up which confused the minds of exegetes today " will. Hengel doubted that Q existed, and said that "the sayings source Q itself has become a modern, pseudo-scientific myth. '" Instead, he adopted the use of Luke's Gospel by Matthew. But " a purely literary dependency model " could " which, Synoptic question ' no answer '.

Even more tendencies were rejected by Hengel, he said something like: " the still so popular, unmessianischen Jesus ' has never existed ", or he spoke of "the now widely overestimated Gospel of Thomas ".

Hengel took late dating of the Gospels, namely ( approximately): Markus 69/70, Luke 75/80, Matthew 90/100, John 100/105.

Student

His students included Jörg Frey, a professor at the University of Zurich, Ulrike Mittmann, professor at the University of Osnabrück, Reinhard box Meier, a professor at the University of Göttingen, Rainer Riesner, a professor at the Technical University of Dortmund and Friedrich Avemarie (1960-2012), most recently Professor at the University of Marburg.

Works

  • The Zealots. Studies on the Jewish freedom movement in the period from Herod I until 70 AD AGJU 1 Brill, Leiden, inter alia, 1961, 2, verb. and ext. Edition 1976, ISBN 90-04-04327-6
  • For early Christian history. Calw paperback. Calw ET, Stuttgart 1962, 2, durchges. and supplemented edition 1984, ISBN 3-7668-0743-9
  • Succession and charisma. An exegetical- religious-historical study on Mt 8,21 f and Jesus' call to discipleship. BZNW 34 Töpelmann, Berlin 1968
  • Judaism and Hellenism. Studies on their encounter with special consideration of Palestine until the middle of the 2nd century BC. WUNT 10 Mohr, Tübingen 1969, 3, durchges. Edition, 1988, ISBN 3-16-145271-2 ( basic study)
  • Was Jesus a revolutionary? Calw books 110 Calw ET, Stuttgart 1970, 4th edition 1973
  • Property and wealth in the early church. Aspects of an early Christian social history. Calw Paperback. Calw ET, Stuttgart 1973, ISBN 3-7668-0430-8
  • Christ and the power. The power of Christ and the impotence of the Christians. On the problem of " political theology " in the history of the Church. Calw Paperback. Calw ET, Stuttgart 1974, ISBN 3-7668-0442-1
  • The Son of God. The Origin of Christology and the Jewish- Hellenistic religious history. Mohr, Tübingen, 1975, 2, durchges. and supplemented edition 1977, ISBN 3-16-139451-8
  • Jews, Greeks and Barbarians. Aspects of the Hellenization of Judaism in pre-Christian times. Stuttgart Bible Studies 76 ET Catholic Biblical Association, Stuttgart 1976, ISBN 3-460-03761- X
  • The Gospels headings. Proceedings of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences of Humanities class 1984.3. Winter, Heidelberg 1984, ISBN 3-533-03614-6
  • (Ed., together with a couple Anna Maria Schwemer :) Kingdom of God and heavenly worship. In Judaism, early Christianity and the Hellenistic world. WUNT 55 Mohr, Tübingen, 1991, ISBN 3-16-145667- X
  • (Ed. :) Paul and ancient Judaism. Tübingen -Durham Symposium to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the death of Adolf Schlatter (19 May 1938). WUNT 58 Mohr, Tübingen, 1991, ISBN 3-16-145795-1
  • The Johannine question. An attempt at a solution. With a contribution on the Apocalypse by Jörg Frey. WUNT 67 Mohr, Tübingen, 1993, ISBN 3-16-145836-2
  • (Ed. :) The Septuagint between Judaism and Christianity. WUNT 72 Mohr, Tübingen, 1994, ISBN 3-16-146173-8
  • (Ed. :) interpretation of Scripture in Ancient Judaism and in early Christianity. WUNT 73 Mohr, Tübingen, 1994, ISBN 3-16-146172- X
  • Small fonts. 3 vols Mohr, Tübingen. Vol 1: Judaica et Hellenistica. In collab. by Roland et al thy With an appendix by Hans Wulf Bloedhorn. WUNT 90th Mohr, Tübingen (1996 ), 2000, ISBN 3-16-146588-1
  • Vol 2: Judaica, Hellenistica et Christiana. WUNT 109 Mohr, Tübingen, 2002, ISBN 3-16-146847-3
  • Vol 3: Paul and James. WUNT 141 Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 2002, ISBN 3-16-147710-3
Heidelberg Academy for Sciences and Humanities Hellenistic Judaism Q source Zealotry Peter Stuhlmacher Integrated Authority File
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