Marwanids

The Marwaniden (Kurdish Merwanî, Arabic مروانيون, DMG Marwānīyūn ) was a Kurdish dynasty in northern Iraq and southeastern Anatolia, which reigned 990-1096.

With the weakening of Buyidenmacht after the death of ' Adud ad-Daula after 983 of the Kurdish tribe of Marwan won under Badh, a former shepherds, rule over Mayyafariqin and the areas of Amida and Nusaybin. Later Badh marched against Mosul, and took it. In Mosul he could beat an army of Hamdanids and Buyids. An attack on Baghdad but failed. Badh retired to Mayyafariqin and became a vassal of the Hamdanids. But he kept the conquered territories ( Tur Abdin and the northern Jazirah ). When the Buyide Samsam al-Dawla died 990, tried Hamdanids to reconquer the lost to Badh areas. Badh died in a defensive battle in Tur Abdin.

The next three rulers of the Marwaniden were all nephews of the Badhs, albeit from different sisters of Badh. Under Abu Mansur (997-1011) and Nasr al - Dawla Ahmad (1011-1061), the dynasty reached its peak. The economic boom of the Principality was represented by a strong construction activity in the cities. Also, art and science were strongly promoted. Ahmad had good relations with the then great powers and received by the Caliph al - Dawla Nasr title (helper of the state ) and the Fatimidenherrscher Abu Ali Mansur al - Dawla the title Izz (Glory of the State). He also had contacts with the Byzantine emperor. These relationships strengthened Nasr al - Dawla position very much.

1071 is the Marwaniden had to submit to the Seljuks, as infighting broke out after the death of Nasr al-Dawla Ahmad within the dynasty and this led to the weakening of the Marwaniden. Of the Seljuk dynasty was expelled in 1084 from Diyarbakır and in 1096 finally overthrown.

The rulers of the Marwaniden were: