Maur, Switzerland

Schiffslände Maur, view from Greifensee

Maur is a municipality and a village in the district of Uster in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland. The name Maur is Swiss German " Muur " pronounced.

• 6.1 traffic

• 7.1 Early time
• 7.2 The Royal Court
• 7.3 The Meier Office
• 7.4 Court rule Maur
• 7.5 Political community Maur

Coat of arms

Blazon

The coat of arms of the municipality and the local Maur goes back to the seal of the Meiers from the year 1363. There are also the arms of the districts Aesch, Binz, Ebmatingen and Uessikon.

Geography

The municipal area extends from the western shore of Lake Greifensee to the apex of Pfannenstiel chain, which is almost 300 meters above the lake.

The nature reserve shore of Lake Greifensee is undeveloped, which contributes to the appearance of the rural community, despite their proximity to the city of Zurich.

The hilly municipal area is covered to about a quarter of forests and about half of fields and pastures. The villages are mostly determined by single-family homes that are disappearing more and more in the green of trees and bushes. Both the lake with boat landing station ( " Schiffslände " ) and baths, as well as the Panhandle are popular for hiking and excursions.

The shore of Lake Greifensee is flat. The alluvial plain is widest at Maur and tapers considerably towards the north. The slope, which adjoins the plane is forested, almost continuously. This is followed by shallower parts, on which the villages and fields " on the mountain " ( Binz, Ebmatingen and Aesch ) spread. The panhandle is flat on top and mostly wooded.

Population

In the village Maur live only 1,897 people (2009, including Uessikon ). The whole community has about 9'250 inhabitants. The municipality covers an area of ​​14.8 km ² still count the towns and former boroughs Uessikon (less than 100 inhabitants), Binz ( 1'841 inhabitants), Ebmatingen ( 2,651 inhabitants) and Aesch ( 2'859 inhabitants) on the Forch ( all figures from 2009 ).

50.58 % of the population are women, 18 % are foreigners. The membership of denominations is distributed as follows: 43% reformed, 24 % Catholic and 23% non-denominational.

Policy

Mayor since 2002 Bruno Sauter (2012 ). He is a member of the FDP.

At the cantonal elections of 3 April 2011, the SVP reached in the community Maur 35 %, the FDP 17%, glp 15%, SP 12 % and the Greens and the BDP per 5% of the vote.

Districts

Aesch

Aesch is a terrace on the east side of Forch, the transition from Lake Zurich, the Zurich Oberland. The hamlet belongs also Scheurenstraße.

Previously Aesch was a small village, but evolved due to the better transport links to the largest municipality part. Thanks Forchstrasse and Forchbahn the city of Zurich is easily accessible. From the 60s of the 20th century, many single-family homes were built in Aesch. Not with this development, the infrastructure could keep up. Although the municipality built new schools and a retirement home, but it lacks a central meeting place and of attractive shops.

Binz

Binz is located in the northwestern part of the municipality, a few kilometers away from the city limits of Zurich. In the 90s of the 20th century was built strong in Binz, so that doubled the number of inhabitants. In Binz there is a post office, a kindergarten and a primary school. From the 4th class, the children go to school Ebmatingen.

Ebmatingen

Ebmatingen is the second largest district. How Aesch Binz and it is on the mountain on a terrace on a slope. Here is the only major store of the community and the Catholic Church.

Maur

With Reformed Church and local government, the village Maur is at the lake, the center of the community, even though here less than a quarter of the population lives.

Uessikon

(Pronounced Üessikon ) Uessikon is a hamlet at the south end of Lake Greifensee, has lost many inhabitants in the 20th century.

Nature reserve Guldenen

To Maur also heard the 2010 scale new nature reserve of background Guldenen at the border area Küsnacht / Egg and Maur. 60,000 square feet of ponds, ditches and wet meadows were created.

Farms

Across the municipal area can be found scattered are several other small houses collections and farms. The main hamlets Neuhaus on the border with Egg at Forchstrasse, Wannwis on the road between Maur and Egg, Stülen between Ebmatingen and the Greifensee and Neugut and Bachlen above Uessikon.

Economy

The community was cut off for a long time from the major roads. Without railways and without water-rich streams could hold in the community no industry base. Even today, agriculture is in addition to some small service and craft major employer. Four-fifths of the working population earn their living outside the community, mostly in the city of Zurich and the surrounding villages. The number of commuters who live in Maur and work abroad is twice as large as the number of people who work in total Maur.

Traffic

The Forchbahn connects in 20 minutes Aesch / Scheurenstraße with the city of Zurich. Buses run from Maur on Ebmatingen to Zurich - Klusplatz and Fällanden to Dübendorf train station. During peak times also take a bus from Scheurenstraße on Aesch and Ebmatingen to Stettbach. Von Maur there is a boat connection to Niederuster. Uessikon is not connected to public transport.

Since autumn 2003, large parts of the community are affected by aircraft noise of the approaches to Zurich airport. Civic organizations such as the Association Flugschneise South - NO, and the local authorities oppose the aircraft noise to fight back.

History

Breakfast time

About 4000 year old pile dwellings at Greifensee the earliest evidence of human life are in the community. Prove grave hill in the woods north of Maur, that the area was inhabited for Hallstatt period. In Roman times there was a farm in Maur, whose remains the name of the village derives. Under the church traces were discovered by Roman walls.

The royal court

The first church was built around 700 ( one of the oldest in the canton of Zurich ). From this period also several graves were discovered: a burial ground near Aesch and several tombs under the church today. Maur was then a Köngishof, a local administrative and management center, which belonged to the main courtyard in Zurich. Maur was first mentioned in writing in the second half of the 9th century in the great Rotulus of Grossmünsterplatz in Zurich, therein enumerated his taxable possessions at the beginning of the 9th century. With the founding of the abbey in Zurich Bahnhofstrasse by Louis the Pious, the Court Maur received around 830 new Grundherrin, but this soon led to quarrels. As noted in the large Rotulus, was confirmed in a ruling of the Bishop of Constance, from the year 946, that the Court Maur, Ebmatingen and Binz had to pay their taxes to the Gross Münster.

The Meier Office

The woman Minster Abbey sat then a one Meier, who not only looked after the administration of the court, but also the lower courts exercised. In addition, it was the opening to the 1543 official records right of the first night, according to which he was able to spend the wedding night with any bride the church. This right is available throughout the German-speaking area otherwise only occupied in the opening for Hirslanden and Stadelhofen. However, the historians do not believe that the Meier from this jus prima noctis really made ​​use of. Because the groom could pay him a replacement, and they interpret this less as a substitute for the lost pleasure, but rather as compensation for the dishes, wood and pork, which had to contribute to the wedding feast of Meier and his wife.

The Meier von Maur was soon counted among the citizens, and later even to the knights ( nobles ) of the city of Zurich. His seat was at the castle of Meier Maur, which probably was a simple tower house at the time.

Court rule Maur

Early 14th century, took the place of monastic Meier Office, the court rule Maur within the rule Greifensee. The Bailiwick Ebmatingen however, lay in the hands of the respective most senior mayor of the city of Zurich since the Old Zurich War. The court also directed the Lord municipal assembly and thus played a leading role. The court rule Maur was part of the 1424-1629/52 Aeppli family and after several families in Zurich from 1749 to 1775 the famous engraver David Herrliberger. The latter is said he reportedly bought the rule only to raise his reputation. The court of Lord he should have been less successful and have had several disputes with villagers and the priest. In 1775 he sold the court rule to Heinrich Zollinger, a farmer from Uessikon. This was particularly interested in the land and sold the legal rights to the city of Zurich. Maur was thus part of the city-state of Zurich.

Maur had at this time a tavern, two mills, a bathhouse and a butcher shop from 1604. The present church dates from the 16th century. Other mills emerged in Uessikon in the 16th century and for a short time in Aesch in the 19th century. The old mill Maur today the local museum is housed. Since 1628 there Maur in a permanent school. Not twenty years later a school was founded in Aesch, which was also attended by Ebmatinger to 1660 children. Uessikon was until 1772 an official and permanent school. 1729 Maur given its own schoolhouse, was created in 1781 Uessikon the second school building of the church. 1772 could only read about a third of schoolboys right - arithmetic was not taught.

Political community Maur

1798 Maur was a municipality under the Helvetic Republic. Local resp. Civil parishes in the villages were still over 100 years. Community leaders was selected by the Zurich Council bailiff.

Attractions

• Castle Maur with David Herrliberger Collection
• Mill with a local museum and sawmill
• Reformed Church Maur
• Forch Monument

Personalities

• Emanuel Plattner ( born 1935 ), cyclist