Max von Schillings
Max von Schillings ( born April 19, 1868 in Düren in the Rhineland, † July 24, 1933 in Berlin) was a German composer, conductor and theater director.
- 5.2.1 For voice (s )
- 5.2.2 melodramas
Life
In Bonn Shilling received his first music lessons in addition to his schooling. His teachers were Caspar Joseph Bramstedt and Otto von Königslöw. In Munich, he studied in 1889/90 first law, then philosophy.
On October 1, 1892 Shilling married in Römlinghoven his cousin Caroline Josefa Peill. 1923, the marriage ended in divorce. In Berlin -Charlottenburg he married on June 11, 1923, the opera singer Barbara Kemp ( 1881-1959 ).
After 1892 assisted at the Bayreuth Festival, he worked as a conductor and music teacher in Munich. He was appointed on 16 February 1903 Professor by the Royal Bavarian State Ministry of the Interior. Among his students were Paul of Klenau, Wilhelm Furtwängler and Robert Heger. Frederick Delius dedicated his composition Sea Drift ( 1903/ 04, text: Walt Whitman ).
In the years from 1908 to 1918 held the office of Schilling's Music Director at the Royal Court Theatre Stuttgart.
1910 came Schillings privately in the headlines: he led the introduction of his mother and Aunt Wilhelmina Peill Shilling (~ 1830-1913 ) to the closed department of Ehrenwall'schen private lunatic asylum in Ahrweiler. Schilling wanted to incapacitate the old lady, because she had the Barmer businessman and philanthropist Conrad Albert origin (1856-1932) appointed to their asset managers. The lawyer Paul Elmer, who then campaigned for a reform of the German asylum law, discussed the case in an educational pamphlet entitled Money and Madhouse (1914 ).
From 1919 to 1925 Schilling served as successor to his long-time friend Richard Strauss as a general manager at the Prussian State Opera in Berlin. 1924 to 1932 he was also musical director of the Urban Forest Opera Ostseebad Sopot. From 1925 he was a guest conductor of concert tours through Europe and the United States.
Max von Schillings was opponents of the Weimar Republic and avowed anti-Semite. As a successor of Max Liebermann he became in 1932 " in an act of anticipatory adaptation " (according to the Academy of Arts in 1996 ) elected by the members as president of the Prussian Academy of Arts in Berlin and served there until his death in July 1933.
After the " seizure of power" of the Nazis, he was on 1 April 1933 member of the NSDAP (No. 1.77459 million ). During his tenure as president of the Prussian Academy of Arts, the forced resignations and exclusions important Jewish and nonconformist artists began ( Käthe Kollwitz, Heinrich Mann, Ricarda Huch, Alfred Döblin, Thomas Mann, Max Liebermann, Alfons Paquet, Franz Werfel, Jakob Wassermann ). Max von Schillings also ran the dismissal of two important composition teacher: he urged Arnold Schoenberg to resign from his - actually apply for life - contract, and he replied Franz Schreker forced into retirement. However, he also made an unsuccessful intercession for the actor Albert Bassermann. A month before Schillings ' death Adolf Hitler conferred on June 13, 1933 together with him and the architect Paul Schultze -Naumburg and German Bestelmeyer about the whereabouts of such works of art as " degenerate" were in the eyes of the Nazis and not destroyed but should be housed as " monuments of a German expiration time in special rooms ."
From March 1933 until his death Shilling was also director of the City Opera in Berlin. He died of a pulmonary embolism as a result of colorectal cancer surgery. His ashes were interred in Frankfurt am Main.
Max von Schillings was the brother of photographer Carl Georg Schillings.