Maxillary artery

The maxillary artery ( " maxillary artery ") is the direct continuation of the external carotid artery ( external carotid artery ) after the departure of the superficial temporal artery (arteria temporalis superficialis ) in the area of the head.

After a brief history behind the neck of the mandible and sphenomandibular before the ligament pulls the maxillary artery - first embedded in the parotid gland - in the wings and palate pit ( pterygopalatine fossa ). In humans, it occurs to between the two heads of the lateral pterygoid muscle through it, in horses and dogs it passes the wing extension channel ( pterygoid canal ) of the sphenoid bone. In cats, the maxillary artery is a miracle power of ( rete mirabile arteriae maxillary ), in ruminant feeds them the location in the cranial cavity miracle network ( rete mirabile rostral epidural ).

Branching

The maxillary artery supplies a large part of the head and forms in Endstromgebiet anastomoses via the infraorbital artery with the angular artery of the facial artery ( facial artery ). The maxillary artery is divided into three sections. Disposals vary among mammals.

First section ( pars mandibularis )

From the first ( retromandibular ) section of spring:

  • Auricular artery profunda ( "deep auricular artery " ) (Human)
  • Tympanic artery anterior ( " anterior tympanic artery " ) (humans, horses and dogs than tympanic artery rostralis referred )
  • Meningeal artery ( "middle meningeal artery " ) (humans, horses and dogs)
  • Inferior alveolar artery ( " lower alveolar artery " )
  • Middle meningeal artery accessoria ( " additional meningeal artery " )

Second section ( pars pterygoid )

From the second ( inter-muscular ) section of spring:

  • Masseteric artery: branch to the masseter muscle, in animals as Ramus masseterius nor from the external carotid artery outgoing
  • Rami pterygoidei: Branches of muscle lateral pterygoid and medial
  • Temporal artery profunda ( "deep temporal artery " )
  • Buccal artery ( "Back artery " )

In animals the maxillary artery is the ophthalmic artery externa ( "external ophthalmic artery " ) from the main vessel to the eye.

Third section ( pars pterygopalatine )

From the third section ( in the pterygopalatine fossa ) arise:

  • Sphenopalatine artery
  • Palatine artery descending ( " descending artery palate " )
  • Infraorbital artery ( "Under ophthalmic artery " )
  • Alveolar artery, posterior superior ( " upper rear tooth socket artery " ) (Human)
  • Artery of the pterygoid canal: pulls to the nerve of the pterygoid canal through the wing extension channel
Anastomosis Accessory meningeal artery Descending palatine artery Posterior superior alveolar artery
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