Maxillary nerve

The maxillary nerve ( " maxillary nerve", from the Latin maxilla " maxilla ") is the second of the three main branches of the fifth cranial nerve, the trigeminal nerve and is abbreviated as V2. He is responsible for the sensory innervation of the anterior upper skull. He leaves the cranial cavity through the foramen rotundum, orbitorotundum through the foramen in artiodactyls, and thus enters the pterygopalatine fossa behind the eye.

The maxillary nerve is purely sensory and uses the pterygopalatine ganglion as Anlagerungsganglion so that a portion of these fibers pass through this. It divides into several branches.

Zygomatic nerve

The zygomatic nerve ( zygomatic bone " cheekbone " ) supplied sensitive skin of the temporal region of the zygomatic arch and the eyelids. He gives off a branch to the lacrimal nerve, which receives postganglionic this way parasympathetic fibers from the pterygopalatine ganglion to the lacrimal gland. In ruminants, the nerve gives off the zygomatic a branch ( ramus cornualis ) to the horn. This supplies the sensitive skin of the horn pin and must be anesthetized for dehorning.

Rami nasal

The nasal branches ( rami nasales, in animals as nasal nerve caudal called ) pass through the sphenopalatine foramen into the nasal cavity and provide them sensitive. In the nervous and parasympathetic fibers from the pterygopalatine ganglion run to the nasal glands. A particularly strong branch attracts as nerve nasopalatinus between the mucosa of the nasal septum and the underlying periosteum to the incisive canal and provides front palate mucosa, and gums of the upper incisors.

Nervi palatini

The palate nerves ( nervi palatini ) supply the mucous membrane of the palate.

In many mammals, the nervi palatini and Rami nasal arise from a common trunk of the maxillary nerve, which is called in veterinary anatomy as nerve pterygopalatinus.

Infraorbital nerve

The infraorbital nerve (lower optic nerve ) is the direct continuation of the maxillary nerve after dispatch described above branches. He draws from the pterygopalatine fossa through the inferior orbital fissure into the orbit, where it leaves below the eyeball, the orbit through the infraorbital canal. Following are the infraorbital nerve from the superior dental plexus, the alveolar from the terminal branches of the superior rami anterior to the incisors, is Rami superior alveolar medii to the premolars and the posterior superior alveolar Rami to the molars.

At the infraorbital foramen, the nerve from the maxillary exits and it branches in the skin of the entire front and top face.