Medical psychology

The Medical Psychology is a subject in its own field of clinical psychology, which is anchored in human medicine. Accordingly, the field at the medical faculties in research, teaching and patient care is content, structure - as a department or the Department of Medical Psychology - represented and staffed.

In Germany, medical psychology, as well as the Medical Sociology in the licensing regulations for physicians ( ÄAppO ) prescribed compulsory subject in the first section of medical studies. The scientific society of professionals in the medical psychology is founded in 1979, German Society for Medical Psychology ( DGMP ).

Medical Psychological Research

The Medical psychology is an interdisciplinary subject. Their representatives can be located in different sub-disciplines of psychology. Their common characteristic is that they are exploring the connections between psychological and medical issues. Thus, they contribute psychosocial aspects of health and disease on both sides of the patients, relatives and various disease groups and on the part of medical personnel account.

Important issues medical psychological research include:

  • Doctor -patient relationship and communication
  • Coping
  • Quality of life
  • Psychobiological relationships
  • Prevention and health promotion and rehabilitation
  • Psychosocial care research
  • Application of psychological interventions in medicine
  • Developmental psychology and dealing with patients and their families in various stages of life from childhood to old age
  • Social psychological aspects of health and disease

With these and other issues, the Medical Psychology looks into all areas of medicine. Scientific active medical psychologists are therefore often also members of other scientific medical or psychological professional societies. Results of research in the field of medical psychology are presented, for example, at the annual congresses of the DGMP and national (eg the Journal of Medical Psychology ) and international journals.

Psychological Medicine doctrine, education and training

For physicians provides medical, psychological knowledge and skills is a basic skill that should come in all clinical areas for use. Therefore, the medical psychology in Germany was established with the ÄAppO 1970 as a basic subject in the context of the first section of the medical school and the first medical examination. The central objects of this training are maintained in the object catalog of the Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical exam questions. The specialist medical psychology usually comprises at least one lecture, a seminar and a course. Beyond the teaching in the first section of the study medicine psychological content to be taught in the cross section of the second part of the study subjects (eg medicine of aging and the elderly, prevention and health promotion, environmental health ). Medical Psychological issues are also the subject in medical education and training and in the training and education of other medical and medically related professions.

Medical psychology in health care

In health care, representatives of medical psychology include psycho- diagnostic and psychotherapeutic working example in the psychosocial care of somatically ill in the context of consultation- / liaison services. Medical psychologists offer many places to psychosocial training and supervision of doctors and nurses.

History

Rudolf Hermann Lotze (1817-1881) journal " Medicinische psychology or physiology of the soul ", published in 1852, is regarded as one of the pioneering works on health psychology and psychosomatic medicine. Beginning of the 20th century published first textbooks. So wrote Paul Schilder in 1924 a textbook on " Medical Psychology of doctors and psychologists ." Most famous was the 1920 textbook published by Ernst Kretschmer, which until the 1970s steadily reissued ( 14 erg and Edit. Edition 1975). Founded in 1925 medical students, among them Viktor E. Frankl and Maximilian Silbermann, in Vienna the Academic Association of Medical Psychology .. 1930 appeared a 672 -page " Handbook of Medical Psychology " by Charles Birnbaum. In 1964, a psychological chair was in Dusseldorf for the first time in Germany built at a medical school ( Gustav A. Lienert ). Only in 1970 led the licensing regulations for physicians medical psychology as well as the Medical Sociology and Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy as compulsory subjects in the study of medicine a. 1971 Objective Commission for the subject has been established. 1972 came pouring in to set up the first Chair of Medical Psychology in the Federal Republic (Dieter Beckmann ). 1976, the first Congress of Medical Psychology was conducted in Ulm. In 1979, in Heidelberg, the " Society for Medical Psychology (now DGMP ). In parallel, a " Consortium of University Professors of Medical Psychology in the GDR" was founded in the same year in the former GDR. Since 1980, the DGMP is a member of the " Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany ( AWMF ) ".

Biological psychology Karl Birnbaum
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