Miass River
BW
On the banks of the reservoir at the Scherschni Miass Chelyabinsk
Course of Miass ( Миасс ) in the western basin of the Tobol
Template: Infobox River / Obsolete
The Miass (Russian Миасс; Мейәс of Bashkir, Mejəs ) is a 658 km long right tributary of the Iset in the Urals and Western Siberia.
Course
The Miass rises approximately 600 meters above sea level on the eastern flank of the Southern Urals, at up to 752 m high ridge in Uraltau Nurali - mentioned part of the mountain, about 50 km southwest of the city named after him Miass. The source is located in the extreme east of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The Miass flows in the headwaters of several small lakes and reached after a few kilometers the Chelyabinsk Oblast. There he initially flows in a north- northeasterly direction through the city Miass in a valley that separates the Ilmengebirge mentioned upstream ridge from the watershed crest of the Urals. A few kilometers east of the mining center of Karabasch the flow at the exit to the east, adjoining the Urals level to Argassi Reservoir ( Argasinskoje Reservoir ) is accumulated. The lake with an area of 113 km ² was 1939-1946 in place of a smaller, natural lake and is now the largest water area of Chelyabinsk Oblast.
He turns to the southeast, he to Scherschni Reservoir ( Scherschnjowskoje Dam ) reached the million city of Chelyabinsk, at the western edge (area 39 km ², built 1961-1969 ) is accumulated. After several wide curves of Miass takes a direction of flow directly to the east, where he strongly meanders throughout the section through the southwestern part of the West Siberian lowlands, reached the territory of the Oblast Kurgan, turns gradually to the northeast and finally ends at the village of Ust- Miasskoje, about 50 kilometers east of the city Schadrinsk in the Tobol Creek Iset. In mouth close he is a good 20 feet wide and three feet deep; its flow rate is there 0.2 m / s
The Miass has no major tributaries. The most important are Atljan, Kuschtumga, Kialim Bolshoi ( Big Kialim ) and Sjuselga from left and Bischkul, Tschumljak and Kamenka from the right.
In addition to these cities is on the river a number of major towns and urban-type settlements, including the railway junction at Poletajewo Chelyabinsk and Rajonverwaltungszentren Miasskoje and Kargapolje.
Hydrology
The catchment area of 21,800 km ² comprises Miass. The river freezes in late October / November to April. The relatively balanced throughout the course and in the region of the central barrel in the direction of flow partly decreasing runoff can be explained by the water level regulation by the reservoirs and the extensive Nutzwasserentnahme in space Chelyabinsk.
As the river flows through several sections on centers of mining and the heavy and chemical industries, its water is sometimes heavily polluted. In the Chelyabinsk area the load of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds, iron and petroleum products exceeds the permissible limits at times fifty times by up to thirty times in manganese by more than that.
Use and infrastructure
The Miass is not navigable. It is extensively used for domestic water supply to the industrial areas to Chelyabinsk, Miass and Karabasch. Despite the occasionally heavy water pollution are especially the reservoirs in the river course of the recreation.
Ufa - - Chelyabinsk and the M5 highway Moscow - In Miass River from the railway Samara Chelyabinsk is crossed. Their sequels to the east, the railway line to Omsk, part of the southern route of the Trans-Siberian Railway, as well as the highway M51 towards Novosibirsk follow from Chelyabinsk along the riverside on more than 150 kilometers in ten to twenty kilometers over Shchuch'ye up behind Shumikha, where the river turns north.
In Chelyabinsk, the river of the north-south rail links from Yekaterinburg on Polewskoi or via Kamensk- Uralski to Chelyabinsk and Yekaterinburg M36 highway is crossed to the Kazakh border. The lower reaches of the river cross the railway line and the regional road R354 from Ekaterinburg to Kurgan.