Michael Haydn

Johann Michael Haydn ( born September 14, 1737 Rohrau, Lower Austria, † August 10 1806 in Salzburg) was a composer and brother of Joseph Haydn and Johann Evangelist Haydn.

Life

The rule Rohrau held pilgrimages to Rochus and Sebastian Church in Imperial quarry at Leithaberg from - in 1746 because of an epizootic disease. These were organized by Matthias Haydn, Wagner master and judge of Rohrau market. He was the father of two famous sons later, Joseph and Johann Michael. Both boys were here first musical impressions in the great church music for the procession to Kaisersteinbruch was famous.

Johann Michael Haydn was like his more famous brother Joseph choirboy at St. Stephen's in Vienna. After he had left the choir school, he was first violinist in 1757 and 1760 episcopal Kapellmeister in Oradea ( Oradea ) to the Bishop Adam Patachich. His Horn Concerto caught in 1762 in Vienna stir. Brought by Archbishop Sigismund von Schrattenbach to Salzburg, he was appointed court composer ( Hofmusicus and Concert Master ) in Salzburg on August 14, 1763. Later he worked as an organist at the Holy Trinity Church and most recently responsible for the cathedral music. In Salzburg, Michael Haydn worked for 43 years. During this time he wrote 360 sacred and secular compositions, mainly instrumental music. He was a friend of Mozart, the two musicians very appreciated each other.

Michael Haydn was buried on August 13, 1806 in local crypt in St. Peter's Cemetery in Salzburg. During a regular tomb flushes Haydn's widow procured the skull of her deceased husband, and set it beside her bed. After her death, the relic was in an urn, which is part of Haydn's tomb in the Collegiate Church, secures. Today, Michael Haydn's skull is in the safe of the congregation of St. Peter.

In the Book of the Dead of the cemetery of St. Peter Prior P. Gabriel Hutter wrote about Michael Haydn following: " His character was silent, gently, modesty. Noise and games were far from him to judge temperance in thought, speech, and other musical work was what made ​​him popular and estimable. "

Importance

Its often sung mainly in Catholic masses work is the German High Mass ( "Here lies before your majesty "), which is one of the few religious folk songs of classical music.

Haydn was an important pioneer of sacred music. Known are his sacred choral works, including the Missa Hispanica (for which he received in 1804 his diploma in Stockholm ), a Mass in D minor, a Lauda Sion and a number of graduals, 42 of which were printed in Anton Diabelli Ecclesiasticon. In addition, Michael Haydn is considered an important proponent of the male choir. He was also a prolific composer of secular music. Among other things, he created 41 symphonies, several concertos and chamber music, including a string quartet in C major, which was formerly attributed to his brother Joseph. Like Mozart, Haydn died without being able to complete his latest setting of the Requiem.

One reason why Michael Haydn is far less known than his famous brother Joseph, may lie in the fact that his works were not moved during his lifetime, but only in manuscript copies mainly from monastery to monastery, above all, of course, his sacred works disseminated, were.

A large part of the works of Michael Haydn 's largely unknown to the public and still awaits its discovery.

Works (selection)

  • Oratorio, " The penitent sinner ", MH 147 (1771)
  • Concerto for Organ, Viola and Strings in C major
  • Trumpet Concerto in C major
  • Concertino for Bassoon in B flat major
  • Tristis est anima mea
  • Concerto for alto trombone in D Major

Sacred choral music

  • Missa in honorem Sanctissimae Trinity, MH 1
  • Missa Sanctae Cyrilli et Methodii, MH 13
  • Missa Virginis Mariae Beatissimae, MH 15 ( Perger deest )
  • Missa in honorem Sancti Josephi, MH 16
  • Missa Sancti Gabrieli, MH 17
  • Te Deum, MH 28
  • Mass in C major, MH 42
  • Missa Sancti Francisci Seraphici (1a ), MH 43
  • Mass in C major, MH 44 ( Perger deest )
  • Missa Sanctae Crucis, MH 56
  • Missa Virginis Mariae dolorum Beatae, MH 57 ( = identical with MH 552)
  • Missa Sancti Raphaelis, MH 87
  • Missa Sancti Nicolai Tolentini, MH 109/MH 154
  • Missa Sancti Francisci Seraphici (1b ), MH 119
  • Missa pro defuncto Archiepiscopo Sigismundo ( " Schrattenbach Requiem" ), in C Minor, MH 155
  • Missa Sancti Joannis Nepomuceni, MH 182
  • Missa Sancti Hieronymi, oboes fair, MH 254
  • Missa Sancti Aloysii, MH 257
  • Missa in Honorem St. Rupert ( Jubilee Exhibition ) in C major, MH 322
  • Sancti Dei MH 328
  • Missa Hispanica ( Missa a due cori ), MH 422
  • Missa in honorem Sancti Gotthardi ( Missa Admontis ), MH 530
  • Missa in honorem Sanctae Ursulae (Chiemsee Messe), MH 546
  • Missa pro Quadragesima, MH 551
  • Missa Quadragesimalis, MH 552 ( A Minor )
  • Missa Tempore Adventus et Quadragesimae, MH 553
  • Missa pro defunctis, Requiem in C minor, MH 559 ( Perger deest ) / scripsit Pasterwitz Georg ( 1730-1803 )!
  • German High Mass "Here lies before your Majesty," MH 536
  • German High Mass "Here lies before your majesty " ( " Haydn's Mass" ), MH 560
  • German High Mass, MH 602
  • German High Mass, MH 642
  • Missa sub titulo Sanctae Theresiae, MH 797 (MH 796 without Gloriafuge )
  • Te Deum, MH 800
  • Missa sub titulo Sancti Francisci Seraphici, MH 826
  • Missa sub titulo Sancti Leopoldi in festo Innocentium, MH 837
  • Missa pro defunctis, Requiem in B flat major (unfinished), MH 838
  • Antiphonarium ad usum chori Rothensis, 1791

Orchestra music

  • Violin Concerto in G major, P 52
  • Violin Concerto in B flat major, P 53
  • Violin Concerto in A major, MH 207
  • Flute Concerto, P 54
  • Trumpet Concerto No. 2 in C Major MH 60
  • Trumpet Concerto in D major, MH 104
  • Trombone Concerto, D minor
  • Horn Concerto, Concertino in D major

Symphonies

  • Symphony No. 1 in C major, MH 23 ( Perger 35)
  • Symphony No. 1C, E flat major, MH 35 ( Perger 1)
  • Symphony No. 2 in C major, MH 37 ( Perger 2)
  • Symphony No. 3 in G major ( Perger deest )
  • Symphony No. 4 in B flat major, MH 62 ( Perger 51)
  • Symphony No. 5 in A major, MH 63 ( Perger 3)
  • Symphony No. 6 in C major, MH 64 ( Perger 4)
  • Symphony No. 7 in E major, MH 65 ( Perger 5)
  • Symphony No. 8 in D major, MH 69 ( Perger 38)
  • Symphony No. 9 in D major, MH 50 ( Perger 36)
  • Symphony No. 10 in F major, MH 51 ( Perger 45)
  • Symphony No. 11/11a, B- flat major, MH 82/184 ( Perger 9)
  • Symphony No. 12 in G major, MH 108 ( Perger 7)
  • Symphony No. 13 in D major, MH 132 ( Perger 37)
  • Symphony No. 14 in B flat major, MH 133 ( Perger 52)
  • Symphony No. 15 in D major, MH 150 ( Perger 41)
  • Symphony No. 16 in A major, MH 152 ( Perger 6)
  • Symphony No. 17 in E major, MH 151 ( Perger 44)
  • Symphony No. 18 in C major, MH 188 ( Perger 10)
  • Symphony No. 19 in D major, MH 198 ( Perger 11)
  • Symphony No. 20 in C major, MH 252 ( Perger 12)
  • Symphony No. 21 in D major, MH 272 ( Perger 42), 1778
  • Symphony No. 22 in D major, MH 287 ( Perger 43)
  • Symphony No. 23 in F major, MH 284 ( Perger 14)
  • Symphony No. 24 in A major, MH 302 ( Perger 15)
  • Symphony No. 25 in G major, MH 334 ( Perger 16), see 37 Symphony (Mozart)
  • Symphony No. 26 in E flat major, MH 340 ( Perger 17)
  • Symphony No. 27 in B flat major, MH 358 ( Perger 18)
  • Symphony No. 28 in C major, MH 384 ( Perger 19)
  • Symphony No. 29, D minor, MH 393 ( Perger 20)
  • Symphony No. 30 in D major, MH 399 ( Perger 21)
  • Symphony No. 31 in F major, MH 405 ( Perger 22)
  • Symphony No. 32 in D major, MH 420 ( Perger 23)
  • Symphony No. 33 in D major, MH 24 ( Perger deest )
  • Symphony No. 34 in E flat major, MH 473 ( Perger 26)
  • Symphony No. 35 in G major, MH 474 ( Perger 27)
  • Symphony No. 36 in B flat major, MH 475 ( Perger 28)
  • Symphony No. 37 in D major, MH 476 ( Perger 29)
  • Symphony No. 38 in F major, MH 477 ( Perger 30)
  • Symphony No. 39 in C major, MH 478 ( Perger 31), Salzburg 1788
  • Symphony No. 40 in F major, MH 507 ( Perger 32 ), Salzburg 1789
  • Symphony No. 41 in A major, MH 508 ( Perger 33 ), Salzburg 1789
  • Symphony in F major, MH 25 ( Perger deest )
  • Symphony in G major, MH 26 ( Perger deest )
  • Finale to Symphony in B flat major, MH 184 ( Perger )

Operas and music for stage plays

  • Rebekah as a bride, MH 76 ( Perger )
  • The dream pantomime in two acts, MH 84 ( Perger 133)
  • The bass player to Wörgl, MH 205 ( Perger deest ), 1773-75
  • Zaire, music to Voltaire 's tragedy, MH 255 ( Perger 13)
  • Andromeda and Perseus, opera seria in two acts, MH 438 ( Perger 25), 1787

Student

  • Sigismund von Neukomm
  • Benedikt hacker
  • Maximilian Keller
  • Carl Maria von Weber
  • Anton Diabelli
  • Martin Vogt
Leitha Mountains Choral scholar First Viennese School Mass (music) Georg von Pasterwitz Symphony No. 37 (Mozart) Symphony No. 34 (Michael Haydn) Symphony No. 35 (Michael Haydn) Symphony No. 36 (Michael Haydn) Symphony No. 37 (Michael Haydn) Symphony No. 38 (Michael Haydn) Symphony No. 39 (Michael Haydn) Constantin von Wurzbach Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie Neue Deutsche Biographie Carus-Verlag Integrated Authority File
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