Michael I of Russia

Mikhail Fyodorovich Romanov (Russian: Михаил Федорович Романов, Research translit Mikhail Romanov Fedorovič; *. Julijul 12 / 22 July 1596greg in Moscow, .. .. † 13 Julijul / 23 July 1645greg in Moscow ) was the first Tsar and Grand Duke of Russia of the Romanov dynasty. He reigned from 1613 to 1645.

Descent

Mikhail was born a son of the Boyar Fyodor Romanov Nikititch Yuriev, a cousin of Tsar Fyodor Ivanovich, and his wife Xenia Ivanovna Schestowa on July 12, 1596. The Romanov family was persecuted by the then ruler of Russia Boris Godunov after a denunciation. Fyodor Nikititch was exiled under the name " monk Filaret " in the Anton Sijskij Monastery and Xenia Ivanovna as Marfa in a monastery near the Lake Onega. Mikhail was with two of his aunts in 1603, banished to the actual home of the Romanovs, the town of Klin. False Dmitry I. rehabilitated the family. From 1605 to the young Michael and his parents lived in Rostov.

Work

Mikhail Fedorovich was elected on February 21, 1613 the Tsar and crowned on 11 July 1613.

His policy was addressed in the early years especially against Poland, which Moscow besieged at the time of his choice. King Sigismund III. Poland refused to recognize Mikhail rule because he wanted to bring his son Władysław IV Vasa, who had been elected Tsar Michael, on the throne. In this requirement, the Russians saw broken the 1610 self- Tushino contract and demanded the return of Smolensk.

This conflict could only partially with the Peace Treaty of Deulino ( near Moscow ) of 11 December 1618 which guaranteed or will be in 1634 with the completion of eternal peace with Poland, which had ended the Smolensk War, eliminated a peace of 14 ½ years. On the eve of the signing of the latter contract, a secret article was signed by the Russian ambassador, who allegedly committed Moscow to pay 20,000 rubles to Poland for the cession of the city Serpejsk. In fact, it was this but to the abandonment of the Czar title by Wladyslaw.

Family

In 1624, he married his first wife, Maria Dolgorukova, but died early. It was most likely poisoned. In his second marriage he took in 1626 Yevdokia Streschnewa to wife, who bore him numerous children:

  • Irina (* April 22, 1627; † February 8, 1679 ), Grand Duchess of Russia,
  • Pelageja (* April 20, 1628; † January 25, 1629 ), Grand Duchess of Russia,
  • Alexei I. (* March 19, 1629; † January 29, 1676 ), Tsar of Russia,
  • Anna (* July 14, 1630, † October 27, 1692 ), Grand Duchess of Russia,
  • Marfa (* August 14, 1631, † September 21, 1633 ), Grand Duchess of Russia,
  • Ivan (* June 1, 1633; † January 10, 1639 ), Grand Duke of Russia,
  • Sofia ( * September 14, 1634, † April 23, 1636 ), Grand Duchess of Russia,
  • Tatjana (* January 5, 1636; † August 23, 1706 ), Grand Duchess of Russia,
  • Eudoxia (* / † February 10, 1637 ), Grand Duchess of Russia, and
  • Vasily (* / † March 25, 1639 ), Grand Duke of Russia.
July 22 July 23 Kuzma Minin Truce of Deulino Eudoxia Streshneva Integrated Authority File
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