Microascales

Thielaviopsis basicola

The Microascales are an order of Ascomycota. The majority of the species are Saprobionten in soil, decaying vegetation and manure. Some representatives cause plant disease ( Ceratocystis fimbriata ) or human diseases ( Pseudallscheria ). The Halosphaeriaceae family includes mostly marine life species of rare freshwater species.

The fruiting bodies are black perithecia with long neck, rare Cleistothecia. It is not formed stroma. Paraphyses absent, the asci are spherical and occur singly or in chains. The ascospores are non-septate, colorless and often have fins or wings.

The anamorph of Microascaceae have annellidische konidiogene cells. In addition occur more Anamorphic, Synanamorphe, which are among the hyphomycete genera Scopulariopsis, Graphium and Scedosporium.

System

In the order, the only family of the former order Halosphaeriales is now counted as the Microascales would otherwise be paraphyletic with respect to the Halosphaeriales. In the new extent they are a monophyletic taxon. To her the following families are counted ( with selected genera and species ):

  • Halosphaeriaceae with 55 genera: the perithecia arise submerged. The center of the fruit body consists of pseudoparenchyma. The ascus wall of most types of interrupts and dismisses the ascospores. These are pushed out of the interior of the perithecium, asci and ascospores by new are formed. The ascospores attachments are important for the generic disposition.
  • Chadefaudiellaceae with two genera
  • Microascaceae with eight genera Canariomyces
  • Enterocarpus
  • Lophotrichus
  • Microascus
  • Pseudallescheria
  • Ceratocystis
  • Cornuvesica
  • Gondwanamyces
  • Sphaeronaemella
  • Viennotidia

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