Milton H. Erickson

Milton Hyland Erickson ( born December 5, 1901 in Aurum ( White Pine County), Nevada, † March 25, 1980 in Phoenix, Arizona ) was an American psychiatrist, psychologist and psychotherapist who decisively shaped the modern hypnosis and hypnotherapy and their use in psychotherapy promoted.

  • 4.1 secondary literature
  • 4.2 External links

Life

Milton H. Erickson was born as the second of nine children of Mr and Mrs Albert and Clara Erickson. His father was a child of Norwegian immigrants, his mother came from an old established family in New England.

At the age of five his family moved to Lowell (Wisconsin ), where he attended elementary school and then high school in nearby Wish Field. He suffered from dyslexia. His nickname was then called " Dictionary", which was based on his lack of understanding in dealing with the dictionary. Erickson should always have started to read from the beginning the dictionary when he was looking for a concept. He was long regarded as " retarded ". His dyslexia, he was able to overcome apparently by practicing to see difficult letters in front of him - mentally visualize.

1919, shortly after graduating from high school, Erickson polio and fell into a coma. At first it seemed that he would not survive the disease. After three days, however, he regained consciousness, however, was completely paralyzed. Unable to move he later sat in a rocking chair. The intense desire to look out of a window is said to have led to the rocking chair moved slightly. This ideomotor experience motivated him to keep practicing. Through imagination he worked that his paralyzed muscles were of functioning again. After nearly a year he was able to walk on crutches and attended the University of Wisconsin. Contrary to medical advice to rest, he set off on a 1,200 -mile canoe trip down the Mississippi. He reached a considerable physical strength again. Two years later he was able to walk without crutches, he only limped with the right leg.

In the second year at the University of Erickson worked with hypnosis. He was fascinated by the possibilities, practiced incessantly and developed different techniques. In contrast to the prevailing doctrine, developed Erickson individualized methods.

In 1925 he married for the first time. Three children were born from this marriage.

In 1928 he graduated with a Master of Arts ( M. A. ) in Psychology and a Doctor of Medicine (M. D. ). From 1930 to 1934 he held various positions up to the senior doctor of the Worcester State Hospital in Massachusetts. Here he was able to continue their research in hypnosis and its applications.

In 1935, the marriage ended in divorce. A short time later, he met his future wife, Betty know. The wedding was in 1936. Further from this marriage five children were born.

In 1939 he received the license as a specialist in psychiatry. From 1934 to 1948 he was a full professor of psychiatry at the medical faculty of Wayne State University in Detroit, Michigan.

In 1947 he retired to a violation by a bicycle crash. Because of the risk of tetanus infection Erickson was being treated so despite allergic reactions to the vaccine. The result was an anaphylactic shock, which he barely survived and then a severe allergy to pollen, which forced him to move to the milder climate of Phoenix (Arizona ), where he opened a private practice. There were more allergies to house dust and various foods. He therefore pursued his practice from home.

In 1953 he was diagnosed with post-polio syndrome. He moved to Maryland. As far as he could, but he continued his hitherto extensive literary activities and lecture tours. During this time he worked closely with Jay Haley, Gregory Bateson, Margaret Mead, Lawrence Kubie and John Weakland.

In 1957, Erickson, the American Society of Clinical Hypnosis, which he became Chairman. In 1958 he founded the "American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis ," which he edited until 1968.

Due to its increasingly worsening health, he finished his 1969 lectures and travel. In 1974, he was also on his private practice. As of 1976, he contracted a third time with polio muscular atrophy and multiple pain conditions. After that, he was confined to a wheelchair and partially paralyzed in the face.

Services

The loss of consciousness, in which brought him the disease, he later called the beginning of his interest in trance states. The period of convalescence, in him the medicine had little hope of a full recovery, Erickson used to practice partial dissociation.

Erickson, it is thanks to them that hypnosis is used in psychotherapy more frequently after they had moved by Sigmund Freud's rejection of a long time in the background. Erickson developed a new approach that emphasizes the individuality and therefore makes it necessary to find a special approach and access for each client / patient. Thus, Erickson was in contrast to the previously standardized methods that prevailed until the 50s and 60s. Erickson also stresses the positive role of the unconscious. Unlike Freud, Erickson for the unconscious an inexhaustible resource for creative self-healing. The unconscious is the hoard of little-used human experiences. Erickson's approach claims to be the area bounded by rigid patterns of thinking ability of consciousness to expand by the hypnotist by specific verbal and non -verbal techniques allows the unconscious mind to take the leading role. At the same time it should allow the consciousness to take advantage of unconscious self-healing and creative resources.

Erickson had great impact on therapists of his time and posterity. He coined Jay Haley, Paul Watzlawick, John Weakland, and with them the entire Palo Alto group. He also influenced the then emerging family therapy and many schools of systemic therapy, especially the solution-focused approach of Steve de Shazer and Insoo Kim Berg, the Provocative Therapy by Frank Farrelly and the Systemic Structural Constellations by Insa Sparrer and Matthias Varga von Kibéd. The founders of NLP, Richard Bandler and John Grinder, studied and copied his technique - as well as that of Fritz Perls and Virginia Satir to construct from NLP. You have the way how Erickson worked with hypnotic language, in a separate model, the Milton Model is described.

Even during his lifetime Erickson had acquired a reputation as a master of hypnosis. His numerous scientific publications have revolutionized conceptions of hypnosis. Jeffrey Show and Ernest Rossi was for many years a student of Erickson and have published books with him. In 1978, two years before his death, Milton H. Erickson Society was founded in his honor, the Phoenix is home to the most comprehensive archive of his work to date. Erickson was also in contact with Aldous Huxley, with whom he explored frontier areas of psychology.

Works

German -language editions

  • MH Erickson, EL Rossi: Hypnotherapy: Construction - Examples - research. Pfeiffer, Munich, 1999, ISBN 3-608-89672-4
  • M. H. Erickson, E. L. Rossi: The man in February. Personality and identity development in hypnosis. Junfermann, Paderborn, 1991, ISBN 3-87387-033-9
  • MH Erickson, EL Rossi: hypnosis experience: use of altered states of consciousness therapy. Pfeiffer, Klett - Cotta, Stuttgart, 2004, ISBN 3-608-89718-6
  • MH Erickson, EL Rossi, SL Rossi: Hypnosis Induction - psychotherapeutic application - examples. Pfeiffer, Munich, 1991, ISBN 3-7904-0265-6
  • MH Erickson, EL Rossi: Collected Writings of Milton H. Erickson. Carl -Auer, Heidelberg, 1995-1998, ISBN 978-3-89670-020-9

Original editions

All publications either written by Ernest Rossi together or edited by this.

  • Hypnotic Realities. New York: Irvington 1976 [Übers: de, sv]
  • Hypnotherapy: An Exploratory Casebook. New York: Irvington 1979 [Übers: de ]
  • Experiencing Hypnosis: Therapeutic Approaches to Altered States. New York: Irvington 1981
  • The February Man: Evolving Consciousness and Identity in Hypnotherapy. New York: Brunner / Mazel 1989
  • The Collected Papers of Milton H. Erickson on Hypnosis. 3 volumes. New York: Irvington 1980 Volume 1: The Nature of Hypnosis and Suggestion.
  • Volume 2: Hypnotic Alteration of Sensory, Perceptual and Psycho Physical Processes.
  • Volume 3: Hypnotic Investigation of Psychodynamic Processes.
  • Volume 4: Innovative Hypnotherapy
  • The Lectures, Seminars, and Workshops of Milton H. Erickson. Volume 1: Healing in Hypnosis. (Ed. gem. M. Ryan & F. Sharp). New York: Irvington 1983
  • Volume 2: Life Reframing in Hypnosis. (Ed. gem. M. Ryan ). New York: Irvington 1985
  • Volume 3: Mind- Body Communication in Hypnosis. (Ed. gem. M. Ryan ). New York: Irvington 1986
  • Volume 4: Creative Choice in Hypnosis. (Ed. gem. M. Ryan ). New York: Irvington 1990

For more information

Secondary literature

  • Burkhard Peter (ed.): Hypnosis and Hypnotherapy by Milton H. Erickson: Fundamentals and application fields. Pfeiffer, Munich, 1985, ISBN 3-7904-0424-1
  • Burkhard Peter: Milton H. Erickson's way of hypnosis. In: Experimental and Clinical Hypnosis, 1987, III, No. 2, pp. 129-141
  • Walker, Wolfgang: Communication Adventure - Bateson, Perls, Satir, Erickson and the beginnings of Neuro Linguistic Programming (NLP ). Klett- Cotta, Stuttgart 1996. ISBN 3-608-91976-7
White Pine County, Nevada Phoenix (Arizona) Dissociation (psychology) Neuro-linguistic programming Integrated Authority File
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