Minden Coalfield

The Minden area is located in the northern foothills Wiehe at Minden. Occur here in Schaumburg trough Wealdenkohleflöze from the earth. During the Thirty Years War Swedish soldiers discovered at Minden in entrenchments on Bölhorst first time the coal. Already in 1663 it was placed under strict punishment to dig coal wild.

A number of underground mines always reached greater depths. As in Barsinghausener Deister area east of Minden in 1958 coal was mined in Minden until 1 August. The last mining operation of this Revieres was the coal mine Minden in Meissen.

Geology

The Wealden consists of Minden in the 150 m thick Lower Wealdenschieferton and the 250 m thick Upper Wealdenschieferton. The east of the Weser -known 200 m thick Wealdensandstein is almost completely absent here. Under the Lower shale are the layers of the Malm. The good sealing shale caused poor water conditions on the mountain, but a high of 90 m³ Ausgasungsquote mine gas (CH4) per ton of coal.

The layers fall regularly with 20-22 ° one to the north. Two major distortions were known by the coal mining: The crispness jump (60 m) and the Porta- warp (55 m). In the lower Wealdenschieferton two coal seams are incorporated. The main seam at 1.03 m thick (13 cm impure coal, 60 cm and 31 cm mountains means pure carbon), 32 cm below the Nebenflöz with 31 cm pure coal.

The main seam has not been reduced in the last years because Unbauwürdigkeit. The coal of the Nebenflözes has 22% volatiles and is classified as a gas arms bituminous coal. The calorific value is 7,600 kcal / kg with a sulfur content of 8-9% by beibrechenden pyrite.

Mines

Mine Bölhorst

The mine was Bölhorst of about 1640 to 1806 in promotion. In the early years, the miners realized that with the progressive degeneration gaining through northern dip of the seams is getting heavier. 1743 worked on the pit 100 miners and 4 Steiger. The annual production amounted to 90,000 bushels ( Prussian ). The neighboring salt mine in Rehme spent the majority of the coal. The remainder was supplied to forging and lime kilns in the region. A report from 1784 shows that the mining had reached depths of 123 m ( 102 m deep shaft and a 21 m deep die ). Thus, the coal industry had reached the greatest depth of coal pits in the German Reich of Minden in the 19th century. 1801, 37 cm thick Nebenflöz has been opened in a 174 m deep shaft. By means of a carrier and a water amusement machine, which were powered by steam, the bay was named fire engine bay. This was the second shaft in the West German coal mining industry, which was a steam engine for the drainage, to promote even the first. Since this machine constantly brought problems and the undeveloped coal supplies ran low, the shaft was after the remaining pillars were mined, set in 1806.

Mine Prussian Klus

The mine Prussian Klus was operated from 1820 to 1847. Since 1806, small amounts have been promoted and between 1812 to 1820 did not, the bill was founded. This was built on the right bank of the Weser. The occasion was a problem encountered in the quarry coal seam. A steam engine and a weather furnace were procured. Until 1847 coal was mined here, except in the village of Meissen where a safety pillars remained standing.

Colliery Laura and Bölhorst

Following closure of the colliery Prussian Klus they switched back to the left bank of the Weser. Here, the 60 -meter deep shaft was sunk Aurora. To expand the paragraph, the coal has even tried to burn into coke. The fire engine shaft was aufgewältigt again, and, geteuft new and wider with the unusual method of backfilling. From 182 m 232 m 272 m and finally he was sunk gradually. 1855 were already working 233 man on the bill. The coke produced from mine water in mountains of purified coal proved to be good, but was discontinued due to the high ash content soon. With it, the blast furnace operation Porta was set Berbaugesellschaft. After a delivery tip with 10,175 t in 1877, the mine was shut down in 1886.

Mine Meissen

After the supplies were exhausted west of the Weser they went back to the right side of the Weser. 1879-1879 of 189.5 m deep shaft was sunk Meissen. From this point on, only the Nebenflöz was dismantled. Every year more than 10,000 tons of coal were extracted. From 1910 to 1912 coal washing, coking and an electric power station were built. 1913, with 192 men already 17,348 t promoted. The throughput of the wash was 30 t / h The coking plant was shut down, however, and soon had more experimental nature.

Coalmine Minden

1924, the shaft was sold to the Ilseder hut. In the same year promoted, 64 007 tons of coal with 748 men. 1925, the 90 -meter deep ventilation shaft was sunk II. The plan a pit Fort C to build north of Minden has been dropped because it would have reached the seam here only at 730-750 m depth. Then 800 m north of the shaft Meissen was sunk the shaft Nothorn. The well was initially 420 m deep and was drilled in the first part because of a Schwemmsandschicht in the freezing process. 1930 at 380 m the main haulage level 7 was completed and a blind shaft with a smaller cross -section tiefergeteuft to the final depth of 480 m. 1940/41, of the 120 m deep shaft was sunk skirts the eastern field. By 1956, the coal was mined here, driven by truck to the shaft Notthorn and transported from there by a cable car to the shaft Meissen. A brickyard processed from 1928 incurred mountains and the existing stockpile into bricks. A blind shaft north of the shaft Nothorn still reached 500 m depth and the 11th floor before the shaft had to be shut down in 1958 because of poor coal quality and seam thickness is too low.

Swell

  • Hans Rohrs ore and coal. Mining and ironworks between the Ems and Weser. Ibbenbürener Vereinsdruckerei ( IVD), Ibbenbüren 1992, 263 pp., ISBN 3-921290-62-7
  • Thomas Krassmann: '' Materials on the geology and mining of Schaumburg country in 2010
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