Mingo

The Mingo are a group of North American Indians, who had originally belonged to the Iroquois Seneca. Of these, but they split off as rather france -oriented group in the course of Anglo- French colonial disputes and wandered in the middle of the 18th century westward into the Ohio area. The Anglo-Americans called these migrants Mingo, a corruption of the Algonquian word Mingwe, which means as much as furtive or sneaky. The Mingos were referred to as Ohio or Ohio Iroquois - Seneca.

History

The members of the tribe, which became known as Mingo had the Ohio area populated as part of an Indian immigrant stream in the middle of the 18th century. This, roughly to the present-day U.S. state of Ohio corresponding area had been only very sparsely populated over several decades. The settlements of these migrants developed increasingly into a merger of the immigrant Indian population. This mainly came from the tribes of Seneca, Wyandot, Shawnee, Susquehannock and Delawares. The Ohio - area had been the hunting ground of the Iroquois have long been why the Iroquois League laid claim also to the nominal suzerainty over its inhabitants. However, these opposed this claim and acted largely independently of the Iroquois increasingly. As a 1763 Pontiac uprising broke out, many Mingos allied with members of other Indian tribes to end British rule in the Ohio area. The Iroquois League, however, continued to hold their traditional alliance with the British upright and thus was the Mingos again hostile. Despite some initial successes spektaktulärer the Pontiac uprising ended with a complete defeat of the rebellious tribes. The Mingo / Seneca chief Hauptguyasuta was one of the leaders in this dispute.

Until the beginning of the 30s of the 19th century, located at the western Ohio settlement area of ​​Mingo developed into a prosperous community. Through the expansion of their farms and the establishment of schools here was also an increasing alignment with the American civil society. Regardless of the Mingos, however, were forced by the 1830 enactment of the Indian Removal Act were made, their possessions to sell and relocate to Kansas in 1832. In Kansas, the Mingos then met with several Seneca clans and both strains shared there the Neosho Reservation. After the Civil War, the tribe moved on again, now in today's Ottawa County in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. Since 1937, the tribe officially designated as Seneca Cayuga and now has over 2400 members. The six nations of the former Iroquois League still diverse cultural and religious ties are maintained.

Language

The Mingo language (self- designation: Unyææshæötká ') is a Northern Iroquoian language that was originally distributed in eastern Ohio, western Pennsylvania and West Virginia. It is a polysynthetic language with extremely complex Verbgebrauch, closely related to the languages ​​of the Seneca, Onondaga and Cayuga. In recent years there has been an increased interest in the revival of this language, especially among the descendants of the Mingos.