Ministry of Justice (Italy)
The Italian Ministry of Justice (Italian Ministero della Giustizia ) is one of the ministries of the Italian Government. It has its headquarters in the nearby close to the Tiber Island in Rome Palazzo Piacentini. Acting Minister of Justice and Keeper of the Seals is Andrea Orlando.
Tasks
The Ministry of Justice is responsible for matters of civil and criminal law, for the administration of justice and the organization of the judiciary and the public prosecution authorities and for the penal system and the grace of nature. It also works on intergovernmental matters of justice and examines other legal issues, as far as this is not carried out by other authorities.
Italian judges and prosecutors are independent in the exercise of their office and not under the Ministry of Justice, but their Consiglio Superiore della self-governing body Magistratura. The Minister of Justice, however, they may face cause under certain conditions, disciplinary proceedings or investigations.
The Ministry is not responsible for the administrative jurisdiction, the tax courts and the military courts. They are subordinate organizational respectively the Prime Minister, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Defence. Even in these cases, the respective judges in the exercise of their office shall be independent and subordinate only to their respective self-governing body.
Central Organization
The political leadership consists of the ministers and usually two Secretaries of State. The latter are in Italy No officials but politicians. Unlike some other ministries, the departments ( " General " ) are grouped into departments ( Dipartimenti ). Ministries without departments have a Secretary General, as head of department; these, there are not here. The corresponding tasks are performed by the heads of departments.
- Department of Justice Affairs ( Dipartimento per gli Affari di Giustizia ) (3 divisions)
- Department of Justice for the organization, personnel and services ( Dipartimento dell'Organizzazione giudiziaria, del Personale e dei Servizi ) (7 departments )
- Department for Youth Justice ( Dipartimento per la Giustizia Minorile ) (3 divisions)
- Department of the prison administration ( Dipartimento dell'Amministrazione Penitenziaria ) (5 departments )
The Prison Department is under the Polizia Penitenziaria.
Subordinate bodies
The Ministry of Justice are subordinate organization, among other things:
- The Supreme Court of Cassation
- The Attorney General's office and the national anti-Mafia prosecutor at the Court of Cassation
- 26 courts of appeal (with 3 branches) with associated Attorneys General and anti-mafia prosecutors
- 26 juvenile courts (with 3 branches) with associated prosecutors
- 165 District Courts ( with 220 branches) with associated prosecutors
- 848 Justices of the Peace
- 8 regional courts and a supreme court of public waters
- 16 regional directorates with downstream prison correctional different categories
- 12 regional centers for youth prisons with subordinate institutions of various kinds
Main article: List of Courts in Italy
The Monti government decided in 2012 a gradual rationalization of the courts and their magisterial districts. The resolution of 31 district courts, all 220 branches and 667 Peace courts is provided. The appropriate personnel will be distributed to the remaining dishes.
History
The history of the Italian Ministry of Justice can be traced back to the Grand Chancellor and Keeper of the Seal of the Duchy of Savoy. From his office was in 1848, " Ministry of Church, grace and justice matters " ( Ministero per gli affari Ecclesiastici, di Grazia e di Giustizia ) the Kingdom of Sardinia - Piedmont forth. This kingdom was in 1848 at the head of the Italian unification movement, in the then 1861 the old Italian states were incorporated and adopted the so named Kingdom of Italy.
The Piedmontese Ministry of Justice in Turin was thus 1861 Italian and extended its territorial jurisdiction on the entire new state of. 1865, came to Florence, then to Rome in 1871. In 1922 the Ministry with the responsibility for the prison, which had been before the Ministry of Interior. The latter received in return ten years later, responsibility for churches and religious affairs. From 1932 to 1999, the Ministry was officially called " Ministry of Grace and Justice" ( Ministero di Grazia e Giustizia ), it received its present name in train profound organizational reforms.