Monk of Salzburg

The Monk of Salzburg was a song writer and composer of the late Middle Ages of European importance. With over 100 manuscripts he is the one poet of the Middle Ages with the greatest tradition width.

  • 3.1 Werkausgaben
  • 3.2 secondary literature
  • 5.1 Sound

Life and work

At the court of the Archbishop of Salzburg Pilgrim II of Puchheim (1365-1396) had the remain anonymous monk of Salzburg, of which 50 frühneuhochdeutsche love songs, seven other worldly, especially drinking songs and hymns about 50 have survived. The authorship is not clarified anywhere. His songs were and are partially until today very popular, they are in more than one hundred copies before. Three of these copies of the secular songs call each have a different name as the author of the songs: the Benedictine monk Herman, the Dominican Mayster Hanns and the gelerrten mr ago Johans ain Munich, three collections of hymns called a Jacob Mühldorf, one Peter of Saxony and a secular priest Martin.

It is very unlikely that it is the Monk of Salzburg to Pilgrim himself is, even if one author, he Minne letter from 1392 seems to indicate. Franz Viktor Spechtler, former professor of Older German language and literature at the University of Salzburg, notes in his book on the spiritual songs: "We are the learned poets and composers to prove its connections to the sovereign and to an art-loving circle of clerics clear is to have to look at future work more on the archbishop's court and in Domkloster (since 1122 with the tradition of Augustinian Canons ) than in the Benedictine Abbey of St. Peter. "He justifies this with the fact that all transmitted by the monk sequences in the Graduale of Augustinian collegiate St. Castulus to Moosburg the year 1360 will find. The Germanistic medievalist Burghart Wachinger not located the monk, however, in the canons, but with the Benedictines and assigns of the thesis, the monk could have lived in Domkloster, only a small probability.

In fact, the spiritual song output of the monk of Salzburg is considered to be the most important testimony of vernacular sacred song in the middle ages for the entire German -speaking world (Hans Waechter ). The predominant forms are the hymn, the sequence and the spiritual community song. This vernacular songs included in the late Middle Ages and an integral part of the Church's liturgy.

The hymns of the Monk of Salzburg are using older German song traditions (tones) and follow the great feasts of the liturgical year, the circle around the Christmas and Easter, as well as the Trinity Sunday and Corpus Christi, or deal with the Holy feasts and the song cycle by Maria. Latin hymns and sequences were doing Germanized by the Monk of Salzburg, one song is written in Latin (O Maria pia ). Often form the seals acrostics in which the initial letters of the lines give meaningful words.

The love songs are no longer in the tradition of classical minnesongs the Hohe Minne, the love between husband and wife is not unattainable. Longing, fear and jealousy are mentioned as well, hatred of the rival and anger about gossips and envious. Fun and worry are both present.

The Monk of Salzburg resorted to the polyphony of his songs as the first German composer. He wrote the first German canon Martin, my dear Lord ( in the original: Martein, dear herre, " ain radel of bargain stymmen "). Through it is the Christmas carol Joseph, lieber Joseph mein ( in the original: Joseph, lieber Nefe my, help weigh my little baby, me) handed down to the melody of the older latin song Resonet in laudibus whose German text may come from him. He is also the author of the so-called planetary children's song. His melody of a table blessing used Martin Luther in his song Our Father in heaven. The most important manuscript collection with most seals is the Mondsee -Wiener Liederhandschrift the Salzburg goldsmith Peter Spörl, which is now in the Austrian National Library.

The hymns of the Monk of Salzburg

Christmas circle

  • Maria chaste muter tender
  • Before anegeng the sunne clear
  • Joseph, lieber Nefe my
  • My consolation, Mary, raine mait
  • Wirdigkleichen Besniten
  • Eia herre got what like the gesein

From Sunday after Epiphany to Lent

  • Ave, meres stars
  • Hail Mary pis
  • In human lover
  • Maidleich Pluem, the jungkfrawn kron
  • Sympathize From unnser vrawen

Easter cycles

  • The night of the economic schir himels hospitable
  • Maria hourly with swidem smerzen
  • Kunig Christ, maker of all thing
  • Heilig's cross, a PAUM even aine
  • Schepher and wiser pist
  • Saelig was the selden time
  • All werlde gelegenhait
  • Sig and säld is to bedewten
  • Christ erstuend with Siges van
  • Grüest seist, holy day
  • Kum highly solemn time
  • Kum Senfter comforting holy spirit
  • Kum ago schepher holy spirit
  • Kum holy spirit

Dreifaltigkeitstag to the church year - end

  • Lord, got allmechtig, three person
  • Ainvalt Git in drivaldikait
  • In gotes name
  • Ave, living oblat
  • Praise all violations of ernreichen
  • Praise, O Sion, thy hailer
  • The bright aufklimmen your vote servant
  • We customized all zwelf potentially even
  • Muter good property, the pest
  • We praise coamings all the raine
  • Hochgeporen maid
  • Rejoice Sion, the augangen

General Marienlieder

  • Ave, balsam creature
  • Gezartet Pluom, ros in corridors
  • Richer treasure of the highest delights
  • Ave, grüest pist, magtleich frome
  • Salve grüest pist, MUETER hailes
  • Got grüeß you, Meuter of our men
  • O Maria pia

General songs to the times of the day

  • Almighty lord Jesus Christ got
  • Christe you up to Liechtenstein and the tag
  • O how blessedly drifaltikait
Pilgrim von Puchheim Sequence (musical form) Canon (music) Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie Neue Deutsche Biographie Cesar Bresgen Integrated Authority File
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