Montmelon
Montmelon (French [ mɔməlɔ ], in the local dialect [( ɛ ) mɶbəlɶ ] ) is a village and was a municipality in the district of the Swiss canton of Jura Porrentruy whose incoherent territory included several small settlements.
Geography
Montmelon is located on 594 m above sea level. M., 11 km south-east of the district municipal seat Porrentruy (air line). The small village extends on the western slopes of the Jura chain of Mont Russelin, some 150 m above the valley of the Doubs River, southeast of Saint- Ursanne.
The area of 12.0 km ² large, widely branched former municipal area includes portions of the deep Doubstals the Clos du Doubs, the great river bend at Saint- Ursanne. In the west the territory reached to the slopes of Chételat. In the east, the border ran mostly on the crest of Mont Russelin that separates the Doubs Valley from Delémont. On the Mont Russelin belonging Ordon is located 951 m above sea level. M. the highest point of Montmelon. The municipality also included three enclaves: A extends to the crest of the Lomont (up to 933 m asl. ) North of Saint- Ursanne and east of the pass traversal Sur la Croix, the second was in the Doubs Valley below the community Seleute and the smallest comprised the court Sévai with the surrounding pasture land on the Mont- Russelin chain. From the municipality surface 1997 2 % came from settlements, 43 % of forest and shrubs, 54% to agriculture and about 1% was unproductive land.
Montmelon consisted of the hamlets Montmelon -Dessus ( [( ɛ ) mɔməlɶ ʤy ], 594 m above sea level. M. ) and Montmelon lingerie ( [( ɛ ) mɔməlɶ d o ː ], 490 m above sea level. M. ), both on the eastern slope of the valley of the Doubs, Ravines (510 m above sea level. M. ) on a terrace on the left of the Doubs and Outremont (757 m above sea level. M. ) on the southern slope of Lomont or Mont Terri chain above Saint- Ursanne. In addition, many individual farms belonged to Montmelon. Neighboring communities of Montmelon were Asuel, Saint- Ursanne, Montenol, Epauvillers, Saint- Brais, Glovelier, Boécourt, Cornol, Courgenay, Seleute and Ocourt.
Population
With 101 inhabitants ( end of 2007) Montmelon is one of the smallest municipalities in the canton of Jura. Of the 77.2 % inhabitants are French-speaking, 21.7 % in German and 1.1 % English speaking (as of 2000). The population of Montmelon amounted in 1850 to 246 residents in 1900 to 212 inhabitants. Due to high levels of emigration since then a further decline of about 50 % was recorded.
Economy
Montmelon is an embossed through farming village, where the livestock and dairy farming predominate, and there are also fruit growing. The place offers few jobs outside the primary sector. Those workers who are not engaged in agriculture, mainly working in the valley town of Saint- Ursanne.
Traffic
Montmelon is easily accessible since opening in 1998 of the first section of the A16 motorway at Saint- Ursanne both Porrentruy and Delémont. The tunnel Mont- Russelin and Mont Terri run under the municipal area. This section of highway is to be connected by 2015 both to the Swiss national road network as well as to the French motorway network.
On March 30, 1877, the railway line was opened to Porrentruy Glovelier. The north portal of the 2-km long Mont- Russelin railway tunnel is Montmelon lingerie, the nearest railway station is that of Saint- Ursanne.
History
The place name is first mentioned in 1373 as Momolon and Momelot and appears in 1412 as Monmelon. He is probably composed of mont, mountain 'and a Germanic personal name Melo / Mi ( l) lo together. Montmelon was abandoned temporarily after the pillaging during the Thirty Years' War, only to be later. Between 1793 and 1815 Montmelon belonged to France and was initially part of the département du Mont- Terrible, associated from 1800 with the Department of Haut -Rhin. By the decision of the Congress of Vienna, the place came in 1815 to the canton of Bern and on 1 January 1979 at the newly founded Canton Jura. The municipality was incorporated on January 1, 2009 Epauvillers, Epiquerez, Montenol, Ocourt, Saint- Ursanne and Seleute the new municipality Clos du Doubs.
Attractions
The various hamlets have characteristic farmhouses dating from the 18th and 19th centuries. Montmelon belongs to the parish of Saint- Ursanne and has no own church. On the Roc de l' Autel west of La Caquerelle is a menhir from the prehistoric period.
Structures
- Tower Les Ordons