Monument historique

In France, the classification is as a monument historique a measure to protect a remarkable due to its history or architecture building as a monument. The recognition of the public interest particularly refers to the associated with the monument past or art.

The classification can also refer to moving objects, such as furniture or objects that are associated with a particular environment in which a historical interest, such as bells, chalices or door fittings.

Definition

There are two levels of protection:

The difference between the two protection levels is substantially

  • In the larger benefits that are granted to the owners of the classified monument (subsidies, tax incentives ... ), and
  • In the greater freedom that is granted to the owners of the registered monument, for example in the choice of the architect.

Code du patrimoine

In France, the classification and registration by the title II of the Code du patrimoine be regulated, which replaces the law of February 25, 1943 formal and modernized content, which in turn a law of December 31, 1913 modified and a so-called " field of view " ( Champ de visibilité ) of 500 meters into French law recorded. This means that every landscape and every building is also subject to special rules in this area, particularly with regard to the conversion or redevelopment. The law states that any property to the Champ de visibilité heard this is the monument or to see the same with the monument and at a distance - is not more than 500 meters - which is the case-law according to a radius around the monument.

History

The work on the Inventory of Monuments historiques in France began by the state in 1830 with the appointment of Ludovic Vitet to Inspecteur général des monuments historiques ( " inspector general of historical monuments" ). He was succeeded in 1834 the poet Prosper Mérimée, who was in constant contact, for example, with the archaeologist Jules Quicherat or the architect Eugène Viollet -le- Duc.

1851 she initiated with the mission heliographique a photographic exploration.

Today there are around 44,000 historiques in France by the list of protected monument buildings. This is defined by the Ministry of Culture, which maintains the base Mérimée.

Classification

The classification may be enforced in any in motion by the public authorities as well as private, in particular, of course, by the owners. Of privileged contact for the classification and monitoring compliance with the guidelines for objects captured the corps des Architectes des Bâtiments de France ( ABF).

The classification file is usually created by people who belong to the Departmental Direction des affaires culturelles (DRAC ) in the office area of ​​the Ministry of Culture. It consists of a documentation section that provides detailed information about the building (history, urban situation, legal facts) contains, as well as photos and plans.

The file created is the Commission régional du patrimoine historique Archaeological, et ethnologique ( COREPHAE ) submitted for opinion, which consists of 30 persons, chaired by the prefect of the region.

The prefect written a regulation concerning the use of the object in the list and returns the file then continue to the Ministry. The local Commission supérieure des monuments historiques now has two options: the inclusion in the list of the classified objects or, if this is out of the question to propose an entry in the inventaire supplémentaire. The final decision rests with the Minister.

Consequences of the classification

  • Any change in such a highly classified building, the owner must submit an application with detailed information on the proposed works four months before the commencement of work the prefect.
  • The building may not be demolished or moved, neither in parts nor as a whole.
  • It may not be sold, inherited, bequeathed, etc., without notice to the Minister in advance.
  • New construction shall not be built without the consent of the Minister.
  • It will set up a protection zone with a radius of 500 meters around the building.

Entertainment and environment

Work on property maintenance, repair and restoration can be supported financially by the state, which supports from other sources does not exclude. The approved work on a listed building are carried out by the owner in collaboration with architects and contractors of its choice. The support of the state is limited to 40 percent of total costs.

The approved work on a protected building are supervised by the Administration. With financial support from the state is resorting to a senior architect who is familiar with the historic buildings of the region, mandatory.

New construction, renovation and demolition of buildings within the Champ de visibilité require the prior approval of the Architect of the bâtiments de France ( ABF). It does not matter in practice whether these measures from Monument Historique from can actually be seen or not; as soon as it is within the protection zone, the absolute power of decision in the ABF.

This has far -reaching consequences for all construction projects in the area:

  • The period for issuing a building permit can be extended from 2 to 6 months.
  • The decision of the competent architects at ABF is crucial, even if they appear subjective.
  • The only real opportunity to appeal to the decision of the ABF is a complaint to the Préfet de département.
Missions Héliographiques The Holocaust
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