Morchella
This article was " Mycology " is entered in the biology section to improve on the basis of formal and / or substantive deficiencies in quality assurance. This is done to bring the quality of biology articles to an acceptable level. Please help to improve this article! Products are not significantly improved, may optionally be deleted.
Read also the more detailed information in the minimum requirements in biology articles.
Edible morel ( Morchella esculenta )
The morels ( Morchella ) are a genus of Ascomycota.
Features
The morels make up about 20 cm large, pedunculated and hollow fruiting bodies, which have a honeycomb structured headboard. The individual cells are separated by sterile, bright or dark fins, the head part can be completely or partially fused with the stem. The spores of the morels are about 20 to 25 microns long, smooth-walled and have small granules ( granules ) at the tips.
Ecology
The morels are predominantly saprobiontische bottom dwellers that are found in forests, under bushes, on wood waste and burns. In addition, between morels and pine mykorrhizaähnliche compounds were detected.
Types (selection)
The genus contains, depending on the view 15 to 28 species. There are different varieties and forms, their taxonomic value is partly controversial.
- Dining Morel - Morchella esculenta (Linnaeus 1753: Fries 1822) Persoon 1801 sl
- Spitz Morel - Morchella elata Fries 1822 Fries 1822 sl
- Coping Morel - Morchella gigas ( Batsch 1783: Fries 1822) Persoon 1801 sl
- Steppe Morel - Morchella steppicola Zerova 1941
- Knitting pattern Morel - Morchella vaporaria Brondeau 1830
- Varese Morel - Morchella varisiensis Ruini 2000
Importance
Some types of morels are among the most sought-after edible mushrooms. They are in principle can also be cultivated, and this so far was only in experimental framework. The species of the genus are protected in Germany by the Federal Species Protection Ordinance ( BArtSchV ). The collection of morels is allowed only in small amounts for personal use.
Etymology
The derivation of the name Morchella morels and from the Old High German name morhel, small carrot ', the Latin name morum mulberry ' and from the vulgar Latin word mauricula, small Mohrin ' is discussed.