Morisena (castra)

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The fort Sânnicolau Mare was a Roman auxiliary troops warehouse and part of the outline in the western chain of fortresses of the Dacian limes ( limes Daciae ), in the municipality of the city Sânnicolau Mare ( Greater St. Nicholas ), Timiş, Banat region in Romania.

Location

The border town Sânnicolau Mare is located in the extreme west of present-day Romania, about 64 km northwest of Timisoara, on the banks of Aranka. The fort was something Western on the left bank. Its location is also under the field name " Cărămidăria Veche = Old brick " or " Sziget " known. The terrain can be seen today no traces of Roman fortifications more.

Development and function

During the second Dakerkrieges ( 105-106 AD) Trajan occupied the land north of the Mureş (Latin: Marisus ) and incorporated it into the province Dacia Superior. The Roman army built a fort, which was probably first occupied by a Legionsvexillation on the territory of today's Sânnicolau Mare. The ancient name of this base is unknown.

Probably then stationed in the fort Auxiliarkohorte was responsible, inter alia, monitoring and securing the road link from Micia after Partiscum that ran towards the northwest along the southern shore of the river Mureş.

Fund spectrum

The site is completely unexplored. Were recovered only small finds such as the grave stone of the veterans Aurelius Timon, who had served in the Legio XIII Gemina, and some Samian ware sherds, but due to their small number and size over time could not be classified. Coin finds show a continuous monetary transactions from the 2nd to the 3rd century. In the 90s of the 20th century, some graves were investigated. Brick temple of Legio XIII Gemina seem to confirm at least the identification of the location as a Roman military system. Probably the attachment in the early 2nd century, was built by a vexillation this Legion. Your bricks were often found in the lower reaches of the Mureş, as eg in Bulci, Aradul Nou, Cladova, Periam and Szeged, also a proof that the Romans controlled this area in Dacia since the beginning of her reign. Until now, however, you have most of these roman fortifications either not or only little studied (as of 2003). Stray finds and brick temple are now in the Museum of Banat (Romanian Muzeul Banatului ), Timişoara.

Conservation

The entire archaeological site and in particular the castle are adopted after the 2001 Act No 422/ 2001 as historical monuments under protection and are registered in the national list of historic monuments ( Lista Monumentelor Istorice ). The responsible authority is the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage ( Ministerul Culturii şi Patrimoniului Naţional ), in particular the General Directorate of National Heritage, the Department of Fine Arts and the National Commission for Historical Monuments and other important, the Ministry subordinate institutions. Unauthorized excavation, as well as the export of ancient artifacts have been banned in Romania.