Motorcycle stunt riding

Underrun technology, various techniques for driving motor vehicles in the motor sports or show events are summarized.

• 2.1 Powerwheelie
• 2.2 Gaswheelie
• 2.3 Kavalierstart
• 2.4 Vehicle Technology
• 2.5 Automobile

• 3.1 stop on the front wheel
• 3.2 Move to the front wheel

• 4.1 Standing burnout
• 4.2 Rolling Burn -out

Cornering techniques

Oversteer and understeer

As over-and understeer, a state is respectively referred to where the vehicle itself controls in relation to the steering too much (over ) or too little ( under ).

As an example to understeer, it is envisaged that you can fast does a car through a curve and the car wants to go straight, even though it has embarked on the steering wheel. The front wheels lose traction ( friction goes into sliding friction ), and enter no more against the direction of travel. The behavior is often described by: the vehicle has not steered. For vehicles without anti- lock braking system ( ABS), this effect is under full braking with locked wheels on also. The vehicle drives straight, although changing the steering angle.

When overriding is exactly the opposite is true: The car is a tighter turn than the Lenkrad-/Reifenstellung would describe. Here, the rear wheels lose traction. Colloquially, it is said: The tail is broken.

Often vehicles will be front-wheel drive to understeer tendency and pledged rear wheel drive vehicles to oversteer. By mistake, however, both states, no matter which type of drive has a vehicle occur.

Modern vehicles can be equipped with an electronic stability program (ESP or ESC) to counter this behavior.

Drift

Drifting or Sliden ( English. to slide for slide ) denotes a driving state in which a vehicle moves in a curve laterally to own longitudinal axis, and thus large skew angles are held at both axles. The term is also often referred to already, the mere breaking of the rear axle as a drift. A predominant rear wheel drift is referred to in common parlance as oversteer. That is, after the breaking of the vehicle rear on the right steering or steer, even in the direction of the outside of the curve. A major front wheel drift is called understeer. This means that more needs to be deflected, as the radius of curvature would actually require it.

The cam track, on which the vehicle moves when oversteer is regulated by the throttle position. The driver steers only against to keep the vehicle stable. If he does not do so in a constant steering angle, but by reciprocating movement of the steering system, it is called " Saw ".

There are different drift techniques mostly by how they are introduced:

• With the front brake just before the bend sharp gentle braking to relieve the rear wheel. Engine speed to 2/3 of the maximum. Hold speed and clutch at the grinding point. This is common in Supermoto.
• By accelerating in curves
• By Last change: Speedway, grass runway, long course, Rally. Torn the throttle / shift down when turning into the corner relieves the rear, the result is oversteer. The degree of influence is determined by engine brake torque and vehicle setup.
• By building-up of the vehicle: It steers with the brake so lightweight rear, first violently away from the curve, the curve, and then lets the brakes off again. The result is that the vehicle moves to the inside of the curve, while the rear axle is still slidet controllable.

Allen drifts in common is that they can be extended in rear wheel drive cars through full acceleration ( the rear tires are overloaded by the driving forces and rotate through ), this is called a power slide.

In excess Slide the motorcycle body weight should be shifted to the outer curve footrest and inside of the bend knees are gently pressed against the asphalt.

Car:

• Hand brake: For vehicles with front wheel drive, the understeer regularly, oversteer can be caused by a brief train the hand brake in a curve, with the rear wheels start to slip and thus the absence of cornering the rear of the vehicle is brought to swerve. To apply this technique, the hand brake was conveniently carried out as a hydraulic system without automatic determination in rallying. It is not enough to initiate the rotation with the hand brake; you just have to narrow down back with matching counter-steering and throttle. For tight turns at lower speeds the use of the brake is often essential.

Drifting with cars is now, especially in Japan and the United States as an independent motorsport category has grown ( for example, the D1 -GP series), which enjoys great popularity among the fans. Meanwhile, place the drifting more and more fans in Europe. See also: Drifting (motorsport).

Classic cornering technique

In classical cornering technique, the driver maintains an upright posture in parallel to the central axis of the motorcycle in an inclined position. Therefore, it can be supported on the tank with both knees and has a stable connection to the motorcycle. This technique requires classic tire widths, so that the tire contact point is not as strong shifts outwards and in connection with irregularities to the handlebar flutter ( under gas until Tankslapper / kickback ) leads.

Press motorcycle in the curve

In this cornering technique that is used in motocross, enduro, supermoto or in emergency situations to quickly Dodge, the driver pushes the machine to be in the oblique position, while he remains seated himself upright.

Lie in the curve ( "hanging off")

When hanging off ( engl. to hang off: hang ) refers to the sporting cornering technique in motorcycle road racing.

The driver hangs it to inside of the curve next to the bike. His emphasis will be worn for the most part from the outside of the curve (upper) leg. He can keep the knee sliders to the tarmac to control the skew, ie estimate the distance to the asphalt.

This technique shifts the entire system focus, so the bike itself does not have to be so strongly associated in an inclined position, which would be otherwise necessary because of the tire contact point strongly offset. By reducing the skew can be used to accelerate out of the curve. In addition, the contact surface of the tire is at a lower angle greater (which does not apply to any tires, racing tires have a different contour ), and footrests, or other components do not put on the floor. Furthermore, the machine rocks to not do that because of the machine center migrated to the outside tire contact point will bear not only one-sided weight. This technique is so downright challenged by the modern tire widths in superbikes.

Move to the rear wheel

Under a wheelie of a multi-axis is defined as the driving vehicle to the rear axle. When the front wheel is in the air, no restlessness may be reported introduced into the chassis even with very uneven roads. In off-road driving on two wheels, it may be necessary to lift the front wheel over obstacles. Motorcycle acrobats succeeds easily back down thousands of feet in this vehicle position.

Powerwheelie

On the one hand there are the so-called Powerwheelie, which is often seen in racing. It comes when accelerating out of corners often to the slight increase of the front wheel of the motorcycle. Even at high speeds on the road crests the front axle is reduced. In race about the MotoGP class with over 200 hp, the full power is not always used, especially when accelerating out of bends. Also on the line will only accelerate the optimal, which just keeps the front wheel on the ground.

Gaswheelie

As Gaswheelie refers to the setting up of the vehicle from the sudden rupture of the gas handle. With sufficient power, the front wheel will lift off. At higher speeds, lower power or deep focus the process can be facilitated by tearing on the handlebar. It can also be used suspension: Sudden closure of the gas handle makes the machine go forward in the springs; bounces it back, you open the twist grip and the front wheel goes up. In light machine that's even without the throttle only with body weight and some tearing on the handlebars.

A tipping backwards can you prevent two ways: In four-stroke engines often enough engine braking, and by slightly closing the throttle goes down the front wheel. The much more secure technique, however, is to stabilize the Wheeliewinkel by rear brake. If you want to drive a longer distance to the tipping point, so you have to combine the rear brake and the gas sensitive to each other.

Kavalierstart

When Kupplungswheelie couples you from, can increase the speed and then disengages very quickly again. In low, heavy, long or deep as motorcycle choppers or heavy touring bikes, this can also occur when starting, as with passenger and luggage. Mostly, however, it comes to the type of construction rather than wheelie to spin the rear wheel ( burnout ), which can be willfully caused also by the driver. The racing start is also called traffic light start. Due to the loss of static friction between the tires and asphalt occurs here also often find tires squealing when starting or rubber marks on the road.

Vehicle Technology

The center of gravity of the vehicle is for Wheelen crucial: the lower it is, the more power is required for a wheelie. This results in various models such as choppers and heavy touring bikes simply to the fact that they do not go to the rear wheel, without having been technically modified. If the force required can no longer be transmitted by the drive tires, it happens that the rear tire is spinning ( burn-out ). If the wheelie be constructive prevents you mounted a wheelie bar.

Automobile

Even automobiles can perform wheelies, especially in drag racing, where high engine outputs 700 kW at a very catchy slopes allow.

Move to the front wheel

Under Endo understand motorcyclists putting the bike on the front wheel.

This is achieved by the dynamic wheel load during strong braking to the front wheel brake. It is important that is not immediately braked at full strength, but the pressure on the brake is continuously increased - otherwise the front wheel starts to slip and blocked.

A distinction is made between two Stoppies:

Stop on the front wheel

The standing Stoppie which occurs immediately before stopping of the motorcycle when the motorcycle or already at rest.

Move to the front wheel

The Rolling Stoppie, will be executed when the on the front wheel.

Burn -out

When burn-out ( burning ) the driver allows the wheels of an axle spin ( for deactivation of the brake on the other axis). This is primarily used for drag racing ( drag race ); as the tires spin, they heat up, resulting in better adhesion is ensured by the wayside. In addition, Burn -outs are often shown as the show deposit in car meet, stunt shows and races.

The burn-out is not banned in Germany on public roads, only so often associated noise and odors. When burnout is not only consumes a lot of fuel, but the entire drive train of a vehicle is subject to an enormous load: The tires wear out very quickly and are mostly unusable after a burn-out. Gearbox and drive shafts and all torsionsbelasteten components (especially Hardy disc, clutch ) experienced considerable wear, even a failure of an individual or entire modules can not be excluded. But while a burn-out not only the drive train is put to the test (similar to the loading of a bang -offs ), but also the engine needs this load (usually high speeds and associated high temperatures without adequate cooling) withstand.

In Switzerland, burn- outs can be displayed under the violation Not control of the vehicles.

Standing burnout

When standing burn out the drive or the drive wheels rotate in stand by ( standing burn -out).

Rolling Burn -out

Rotate the rear wheel and the rear wheels while driving, this is referred to as a rolling burnout ( spinning wheel ).

By spinning, thereby releasing controllable rear wheels you can wear through the rubber lines or circles ( donuts ) paint on the asphalt.