Muhammad Nasiruddin al-Albani

Muhammad Nāsir ad - Din al - Albani (Arabic: محمد ناصر الدين الألباني, DMG Muhammad Nasir al - Din al - Albani; * 1914 in Shkodra, Albania, † October 2, 1999 in Amman, Jordan) was a renowned Islamic scholar, the major influence has made ​​to the development of contemporary Salafism.

Life

Albani was born in 1914 in the Albanian Shkoder, his father Nadschati al -Albaani was still studying the Ottoman era in Istanbul hanafitisches Fiqh. In 1923, after a secular government came to power, decided his family to leave the country and settle in Damascus. Here began al - Albani with the study of the Koran, the Hanafi Fiqh and other subjects.

At the age of 20 he began to specialize in the hadith sciences. Albani investigated further in this area, despite the discouragement on the part of his father, who hoped that he was dealing with simpler themes. Albani was financially unable to afford the necessary books, so he often borrowed this from the famous al- Zahiriya Library in Damascus. He was then a separate work space allocated by the library owner, in which he could pursue his researches. His work he interrupted only for prayer. He has been involved in the cataloging of Arabic manuscripts in the library and manuscript catalogs, which are groundbreaking today published. Began in 1954 al - Albani, even to teach hadith, and became famous for his vast knowledge in this field.

Although al - Albani avoided to obtain any political position, distressed his growing popularity, the Syrian government, so that in 1960 was placed under house arrest. In 1961 he was appointed on the proposal of Abd al Aziz ibn Baz to the newly founded Islamic University of Medina, where he taught the next two years Hadith. After he had come here several violent clashes with Wahhabi scholars, his contract was not renewed in 1963, and he had to leave the kingdom. He lived the following year in Syria, but there was twice imprisoned for several months. After 1965, Sayyid Qutb was executed and many Islamic movements results presented him their respects, he was one of the few that open criticism of Qutb practiced by namely his concept of faith attack that according to his opinion trace element of the Sufi doctrine of Muhyi d- Dīn Ibn ʿ Arabī had.

In 1975 he was appointed Member of the Supreme Council of the Islamic University of Medina, and thus rehabilitated in Saudi Arabia in part. During this time he became increasingly in contrast to the Muslim Brotherhood, which boycotted his lectures and in their magazine al - ʿ Mudschtama wrote a very negative about him. Student of al - Albani, who wanted to rid the Wahhabitentum of the influence of the Muslim Brotherhood, formed a group, the Ahl al - Hadith called himself and against the flourishing in the early 1970s movement of the " Islamic awakening " ( al- Sahwa al - Islamiyya ) was going on. With the occupation of the Grand Mosque in 1979, this group urged the Saudi government out violently. So had to leave again al - Albani in Saudi Arabia. He now settled in Jordan and lived until his death in Amman under house arrest. In his last years he acted less confrontational.

Reception

Albanis hadithwissenschaftliche work was often criticized in the Islamic world as too dogmatic, without context. Above all, by him in his book Adab al - Zifāf ( The labels of the marriage) held view that gold is in the form of rings, bands or other round objects prohibited for women is ( haram ), is also of the Salafi - direction, al- Albani was a member, rejected as false.

Among his editions of old Islamic scholarship Hadithwerke a publication of the hard criticism has been subjected to: "the book as to priority, the blessing on the Prophet ( Muhammad ) to speak " by Isma'il ibn Ishaq al -Qadi († 895 ), a famous Maliki scholars of his time from Baghdad. The edition of al - Albani ( 1st Edition Damascus 1963; 2nd edition Beirut 1969 Beirut 3rd edition 1977) to total 87 pages in small format has As'ad Salim Tayyim investigated in more detail and in his review of 60 pages (!) significant shortcomings both in the edition as well as in the comments of al - Albani proved.