Murray River
Reaches of the river
Murray at Boundary Bend
Underflow in Wellington, SA
Rear of the paddle steamer PS Murray Princess in Mannum
Template: Infobox River / Obsolete
The Murray River is 2375 km long river in Australia. He is the richest in water and, after its largest tributary, the Darling River, the second longest river in the country. With the Darling River, the Murray a common underflow of 828 kilometers in length, the Darling River forms together with a flow system of 3672 kilometers ( according to other sources 3750 km ) to its mouth into the sea.
Geography
River
The Murray River has its source in the Snowy Mountains, flows westward and forms on a long distance the boundary between New South Wales and Victoria. At Wentworth, it flows with its longest tributary, the Darling River, together. Both rivers drain along large parts of Victoria, New South Wales and southern Queensland, an area of 1,058,549 km ², the Murray - Darling Basin.
Before the river southwest of Murray Bridge in South Australia through the Murray Mouth opens into the South Australian lake, he yet passed the Lake Alexandrina. The most important tributary next to the Darling River is the Murrumbidgee River.
From the mouth of the Murray is 1986 km upstream navigable up to the Yarrawonga Weir (Victoria). On this route there are 13 locks and weirs. Popular is the ride with houseboats.
Among the important towns located at the maturity of the Murray include Albury, Swan Hill, Echuca, Mildura and Murray Bridge.
Tributaries ( with mouth height )
Border between Victoria and New South Wales
- Mac Creek - 900 m
- Dead Horse Creek - 898 m
- Limestone Creek - 898 m
- Greenwood Creek - 867 m
- Bulley Creek - 865 m
- Crows stick Creek - 827 m
- Charlie Creek - 827 m
- Rough Creek - 772 m
- Tom Groggin Creek - 679 m
- Cascade Creek - 633 m
- Dan Creek - 616 m
- Dead Horse Creek - 608 m
- Buckwong Creek - 552 m
- Serpentine Creek - 547 m
- Snowy Creek - 522 m
- Stony Creek - 507 m
- Omeo Creek - 505 m
- Hermit Creek - 439 m
- Surveyors Creek - 428 m
- Barlow Creek - 409 m
- Bunroy Creek - 351 m
- Biggara Creek - 295 m
- Swampy Plain River - 269 m
- Spring Flat Creek - 263 m
- Corryong Creek - 243 m
- Tooma River - 238 m
- Horse Creek - 236 m
- Cudgewa Creek - 234 m
- Pine Mountain Creek - 222 m
- Ournie Creek - 221 m
- Horse Creek - 212 m
- Jingellic Creek - 211 m
- Seven Mile Creek - 196 m
- Basin Creek - 195 m
- Home Flat Creek - 188 m
- Flaggy Creek - 184 m
- Koetong Creek - 182 m
- Mullengandra Creek - 180 m
- Johnston Creek - 180 m
- Tallangatta Creek - 180 m
- Cottontree Creek - 180 m
- Wise's Creek - 180 m
- Mitta Mitta River - 180 m
- Kiewa River - 156 m
- Black Dog Creek - 142 m
- Ovens River - 128 m
- Mulwala Canal - 124 m
- Yarrawonga Channel - 123 m
- Bullanginya Lagoon - 118 m
- Ulupna Creek - 116 m
- Bullatale Creek - 112 m
- Edward River - 105 m
- Barmah Creek - 105 m
- Gulpa Creek - 104 m
- Broken Creek - 103 m
- Goulburn River - 101 m
- Campaspe River - 99 m
- Deep Creek - 98 m
- Cohuna Channel Left Branch - 95 m
- Deniboota Channel - 94 m
- Gunbower Creek - 93 m
- Little Murray River - 81 m
- Little Murray River - 76 m
- Loddon River - 71 m
- Bingara Creek - 70 m
- Wee Wee Creek - 64 m
- Peacock Creek - 63 m
- Bridge Creek - 62 m
- Tualka Creek - 62 m
- Mania Creek - 61 m
- Jack Creek - 60 m
- Wakool River - 59 m
- Murrumbidgee River - 57 m
- Taila Creek - 56 m
- Outlet Creek - 46 m
- Chalka Creek - 45 m
- Inlet Creek - 45 m
- Towrie Creek - 41 m
- Main Channel - 40 m
- Darling River - 37 m
- Great Darling anabranch - 33 m
- Wallapolla Creek - 32 m
South Australia
- Potterwallkagee Creek - 27 m
- Punkah Creek - 27 m
- Hunchee Creek - 26 m
- Toupnein Creek - 25 m
- Monoman Creek - 24 m
- Ral Ral Creek - 20 m
- Pike River - 17 m
- Burra Creek - 7 m
- Marne River - 5 m
- Saunders Creek - 2 m
- Reedy Creek - 1 m
- Shepherd Creek - 1 m
- Bremer River - 0 m
- Angas River - 0 m
- Finniss River - 0 m
- Currency Creek - 0 m
Lakes and reservoirs ( with altitude )
- Lake Hume - 180 m
- Lake Mulwala - 124 m
- Euston Lakes - 56 m
- Coorong - 0 m
- Lake Albert - 0 m
- Lake Alexandrina - 0 m
Ecology
The city of Adelaide is dependent in their water supply to a large part of the Murray. Also for agriculture in the Murray - Darling Basin water of the river is indispensable. The Murray River is dammed in four places. Before the construction of the reservoirs of the Murray River dried up in rare cases of extreme drought. Lake Hume, named after the first European explorers of the Murray, one with an area of 202 km ² and a volume of 3.038 billion cubic meters of the largest reservoirs in Australia. Lots of water also removes the lakes and marsh system around Lake Alexandrina and the Coorong the river. All these factors mean that very little water reaches the sea. The Murray - mouth threatens to silt. Only through the use of dredging vessels around the clock can be assured that there is still salt water passes through the Murray mouth in the lagoon system of Coorongs. On the other hand, threatens drought in salt water to penetrate into the interior of the estuary system to Lake Alexandrina. Thus, a system of five barrages built, Goolwa Barrages that prevent at high tide or during extreme low water in the Murray River degradation of freshwater zones.
In the catchment area of the Murray River and its tributaries are 28 endemic species of fish. One of them is Maccullochella peelii peelii (english Murray cod, " Murray Cod "). From the family of cod perch belonging Fish specimens were captured by up to 1.8 meters in length and 113 kilograms in weight.
Imported European carp have the native fish almost entirely supplanted in some tributaries and now account for up to 90 percent of the fish population of.