Murrine

For thread glass ( Reticella ) is an art glass are melted at the colored or white in transparent glasses glass threads. These are designed by deformation and torsion of the still-hot mass patterns.

History

A preliminary version of this technique, the Millefioriglas, was known in ancient times. Thin colorful threads were spirally wrapped around the vessel and processed by the upward and downward pull to zigzag patterns or waves. Late Roman prunted have occasionally in addition to the prunts also such thread pattern. A significant find is on display in the Archaeological Museum Colombischlössle Millefiorischale from the Roman camp Dangstetten.

Filament glass in the narrow sense in which the entire glass body is covered with thin, fused filaments, however, was first detected in the early 16th century Venetian glass blowers (Italian millefiori ). Are white milk glass yarns ( Italian latticini ) melted down, one also speaks of Latticinio glass, or, because of its fine, elaborate and delicate workmanship manner, also of vetro a filigrana. As the glass à la façon de Venise thread glasses were produced in the late 16th and 17th centuries in glass factories north of the Alps, for example, in Tirol, Germany, the Netherlands and Flanders.

A refinement of the thread glass is the so-called network glass and glass top; here a second running with oppositely milk glass filaments was placed in a cut- glass bubble. There was an effect as in a lace pattern (Italian Reticella ).

A baroque adaptation of the network glass art, there are about 1745 to about 1770 in English glassworks, they especially inserting the decoration of the shafts of long-stemmed wine glasses and brought to a high bloom. Foot and cuppa this chalices or cups were usually made ​​of plain colorless glass. The association of the shank decor with a piece of net-like gauze ( petty net ) brought this type of glass the designation Petinet glass. It was produced to a lesser extent in North German and Dutch glassworks. Since the glassworks not yet signed, the exact provenance is not frequently observed.

The historicism of the 19th century revitalized the thread and network Glass in Venetian style. This is north of the Alps, before the second half of the 19th century his Origin Murano (1866 ) and their successors to follow suit even with the founding of the Società Salviati & Co.. The Josephinenhütte in Bohemia and the Rhine glassworks joint stock company in Ehrenfeld in Cologne are early examples of the re-discovery of this technique à la façon de Venise. Since the 19th century there are also colored variants.

The Glass Art of Art Nouveau holds partially fixed at the historic technique of smelting colored glass threads as a decorative element, but without a comprehensive thread or network pattern. Such vessels example of Loetz widow ( monastery mill, Bohemia ) not part of the thread of glass in the narrow sense.

A Venetian special type of thread and network glass after 1945 is the so-called FAZZOLETTO glass ( Italian " handkerchief "). Vases and bowls are hereby blown in such a bizarre way that they look like a crumpled lace handkerchief. The first drafts of this species by Fulvio Bianconi, the mainly worked in the 1950s for the glass Venini. There are of Bianconi and his successors, this " handkerchief " shape but also smooth ( ie without reticella technology) and on the other hand numerous multi-colored thread and network glass variations in traditionally conservative forms (bottles, vases, cups, glasses).