Museum Godeffroy
The Museum Godeffroy was a natural history, science museum in Hamburg, which existed from 1861 to 1885.
History
The Hamburg merchant and shipowner Johan Cesar Godeffroy had his captains from 1860 stopped to bring zoological, botanical and ethnological material from the trips to Australia and the South Seas.
With its collection Godeffroy followed some predecessors, the doctor Joachim Friedrich Bolten had been a hundred years earlier compiled a collection of mussels ( mollusca ), the scope has been described for those times as unique. 1804 opened the merchant Peter Friedrich Röding a museum of objects of nature and art, after he had managed to acquire some pieces of Boltens collection. More came from his father and physician Fried. Ludwig Christian Cropp ( 1718-1796 ). At that time there were in Hamburg some imported kind acts whose owner had partially own collections.
The zoologist Dr. Eduard Graeffe had been set in 1861 under the mediation of Henry Adolph Meyer as the first paid an explorer. He traveled to the South Pacific for more than 10 years. In order to meet the one hand, the demand for natural history and to the other hand to increase the Offer have been further adjusted over time.
Of the ( Kauffahrtei ) captains who gathered, are known by name and emerged Jürgen Heinrich Witt, HW Wendt, H.D.A. Brück, Alfred Tetens and Captain George Levison.
Opened in 1861, the Museum Godeffroy first in premises of the office building of the company JC Godeffroy & Son at the Old Wandrahm 26 From 1876 Wandrahm age 29 were rented two floors in the building opposite, the lower containing the zoological, the upper, the anthropological- ethnological collection. The zoological department presented birds, including nests and eggs, and invertebrates, such as mussels, snails and beetles. For fish, reptiles and amphibians, and mammals lack of space. The anthropological showed them weapons, tools, jewelry, clothing, etc., as well as skulls, skeletons and plaster casts. In the Old Wandrahm 29, the museum remained until the sale.
1863, the natural history dealer John Schmeltz as Curator ( research assistant ) has been set. He attended inter alia, that the collected and landed in Hamburg animals were described plants and anthroprologischen items of recognized scholars from universities throughout Europe and scientifically documented. Likewise, members were concerned by scientific associations. That's it approached not always smooth, portrays an episode that was published in the newspaper of the Entomological Society to Szczecin. They were then incorporated into the museum's collection, the greater part was offered for sale. As assistant Schmeltz was the captain CA Poehl busy.
Richard Parkinson worked as a clerk, not as an explorer, as mentioned in some publications.
After the cessation of the activities of the company JC Godeffroy & Sohn in December 1879 was further the museum because it no longer belonged to the company assets. New owner was Dr. Wilhelm Godeffroy a son of Carl Godeffroy. He had received the museum in balance with demand. Dr. Wilhelm Godeffroy had no interest in continuing the museum because, inter alia, trade in natural history could not be continued. He therefore sought buyers. From 1881, the building in which the museum was housed, were threatened with demolition, as should be built up to the age of Kehrwiederspitze Wandrahm memory. Hamburg had decided to join the German customs territory. As 1885 began with the demolition, in order to build the future Speicherstadt, died Johan Cesar Godeffroy. A move to new premises was as failed as the sale of the collection as a whole.
In the same year, the sale of parts of the collection had been completed after lengthy negotiations at various museums. A larger number of exhibits has been preserved until today. Many pieces are exhibited in the Museum of Ethnology in Leipzig as part of the National Ethnographic collection of Saxony. Other pieces went to the Natural History Museum Hamburg Hamburg at that time and so remained preserved. You are now in the Zoological Museum and the Museum of Ethnology. Other parts of the collection came to Leiden. The connection had come over the former curator John Schmeltz concluded that become from 1 May 1882 as " Conservator " employee of the Ethnographic Museum in Leiden and later was its director. The museum was later renamed the Rijksmuseum voor folklore.
In the period 1882-1885 was C. A. Pohl worked as a curator for the Museum Godeffroy. He was primarily responsible for sales. Perhaps the sale of the kind act of the former salaried explorer Eduard Dämel was settled. For some reason, there is nowadays the term " Coll in some pieces C. A. Poehl ". A collection of this or any other name within the Museum Godeffroy has never existed.
Explorer
- The first explorers was Dr. Edward Graeffe from Zurich; In 1861 he traveled to Samoa and returned back in 1872. Until 1874, he led the editors of the Journal of the Museum Godeffroy. He was just as Amalie Dietrich came under the mediation of Henry Adolph Meyer with Cesar Godeffroy in contact.
- 1863 Amalie Dietrich went to Queensland in eastern Australia; she lived in Brisbane near the Moratonbay and returned in 1873. ( The information in the guide through the museum Godeffroy that originate from John Schmeltz, she had worked from 1868 to 1878 in Australia, are false and may have arisen during the transmission in the artwork. )
- 1869 traveled native of Warsaw Johann S. Kubary, who had originally studied medicine, the Marshall and Caroline Islands. In May 1875 he returned home, but went in the fall back.
- 1867 American Andrew Garrett was obtained for the museum. From his original drawings derived from fish.
- Eduard Dämel had worked for several years as assistant to the museum; traveled from 1871 to 1875 on behalf of the museum to Australia. Later he worked in his own kind of action.
- In April 1875 drove Franz Huebner - originally pharmacist - to the Tonga Islands and the Neubritannia Archipelago, where he died on 31 December 1877.
- Theodor Kleinschmidt lived for some time on the Viti Islands, and began in the fall of 1875 to travel for the museum, including the Neubritannia Archipelago. On April 10, 1881 he was murdered with two companions on Utuan.
- P.H. Krause from Upolu provided an anthropological collection from Samoa.
Publications
- Catalog ( s) of properties for sale doublets from the natural history expeditions of Messrs. John Ces. Godeffroy & Sohn in Hamburg with remarks on the habits of individual objects contained therein.
From 1864 to 1881, eight "Catalog (s ) of the properties for sale doublets from the natural history expeditions of Messrs. John Ces. Godeffroy & Sohn in Hamburg issued with remarks on the habits of individual objects contained therein. "
In the Stuttgart contributions to Natural History ( series A ( biology) No. 668, dated 19 November 2004), the author mentions Ronald Fricke a catalog of the Museum Godeffroy IX from 1884 with 48 pages of CA Poehl from the publisher L. Friedrichsen & Co. Hamburg.
- Journal of the Museum Godeffroy.
Actually, the Journal of the Museum Godeffroy should appear regularly. Because contributions not timely came about, several issues have been grouped into individual volumes and published at irregular Zeitanständen. Were laid the journals of the Hamburg merchant marine charts Ludwig Friederichsen. The last volume appeared in 1909 with the support of " William of Godeffroy family Fidei Comiss Foundation ". It appeared a total of six volumes: Volume 1 (online) with the booklets 1, 2 and 4 with 35 boards and 8 woodcuts ( 1873-74 ), Volume 2 (online) and with the stitching 3, 5, 7 and 9 with 83 panels 10 woodcuts and contained Volume I of the fishes of the Pacific, Volume 3 with the stapling 6, 8 and 10 with 43 boards ( 1873-75 ), Volume 4 ( online) with the stitching 11, 13 and 15, with 57 plates and 3 woodcuts and Volume II contains the fish of the Pacific, Volume 5 with the stitching 12 and 14 ( online) with 24 plates and 7 woodcuts ( 1876-79 ) and band 6 (online) the stitching 16 and 17, with 40 plates ( 1909-10 ). The texts were supplemented by color plates with illustrations. The drawings of the fish by Andrew Garrett were lithographed by the Minternal Bros.. Another signatory was the Englishman George Henry Ford (1809-1876), which was particularly appreciated for its detailed images. Even the famous Hamburger lithographer Wilhelm Heuer lithographed drawings and photographs of animals, people and landscapes. Some came from Theodor Kleinschmidt, who distinguished himself as a good draftsman. Chance also photographs of the researchers have been published.
Issue X, fish of the South Seas, Book V panel 92, ( Zeich.: GH Ford, Lith: Minternal Bros. )
Issue XIII, fish of the South Seas, Book VI panel 114, ( Zeich.: A. Garrett, Lith: Minternal Bros. )
Issue XIV panel 16 ethnography, ( Zeich.: Th Kleinschmidt, Lith: W. Heuer )
Issue XIV panel 14 Mount Washington to the Viti Islands, ( Zeich.: Th Kleinschmidt, Lith: W. Heuer )
Issue XIV panel 10 photograph of Samoa Ner ( light pressure Strumper & Co )
Issue XIV panel 8 ( Zeich. and Lith: Tieffenbach, Bln. )
Issue XIV Table 1, ( Lith: W. Heuer )
The results of the research trips included not only written records and drawings and photographs. Great awareness have about 470 drawings of fish by Andrew Garrett.
- Directory of the photographs of the Museum Godeffroy which relate to Australia and the South Pacific.
From the traveler January Kubary and Franz Hübner is well known that they have photographed. In due course of time, a directory of photographs of the Museum Godeffroy which Australia and the South Pacific concern of almost 600 images. This catalog was published in 1880. Copies of the photographs were offered in different formats and prepared as required by the Altona Th Baden.
- South lake types, Anthropological Museum Godeffroy Album of the.
A compilation of 175 photographs and 28 plates was published under the title South lake types, Anthropological Museum Godeffroy album. She was to be regarded as a complement to the more than 700 -page publication on the ethnographic Anthropologissche Department. The Museum of Ethnology in Hamburg has a large inventory of these photographs. It was published by L. Friederichsen, Hamburg 1881.
- Inventory of Existing at the Museum Godeffroy Ethnographic objects.
A 35 -page inventory of existing in the Museum Godeffroy Ethnographic objects was published on the occasion of the 49th Meeting of the Society of German Natural Scientists and Physicians in Hamburg in September 1876. It was a publication of the publisher L. Friederichsen, Hamburg September 1876.
- Guide through the Museum Godeffroy.
John Schmeltz has published at the beginning of 1882 a leader of the Museum Godeffroy. The Introduction provides a detailed insight into the development and history of the Museum Godeffroy, published by Verlag L. Friederichsen, Hamburg 1882.
Animal and plant names
For services to the promotion of the study of the flora and fauna of the Pacific Ocean animals and plants were named after Cesar Godeffroy. The following is a small selection:
- Butterfly Papilio godeffroyi, description of Georg Semper, 1866
- Ant Strumigenys godeffroyi, description of Gustav Mayr, 1866
- Agame Gonocephalus godeffroyi, description by Wilhelm Peters, 1867
- Fish Eleotris godeffroyi, description by Albert Günther, 1877
- Fish Anampses godeffroyi, description by Albert Günther, 1881
- Seefeder godeffroyia elegans, description of Albert of Kölliker, 1870
- Algae Surirella godeffroyana, description by Otto Nikolaus Witt.
- Kingfisher, Todiramphus godeffroyi, description by Otto Finsch, 1877
- " Godeffroy 's Wurmseegurke " Euapta godeffroyi, description by Semper, 1868
- Tailface sleeper (fish), Calumia godeffroyi, description by Albert Günther, 1877
- Corals, Siphonogorgia godeffroyi, description by Albert von Kölliker, 1874
- Slug Risbecia godeffroyana, description by Rudolph Bergh, 1877
- Hypselodoris godeffroyana, description by Rudolph Bergh, 1877
- Snail Neritina godeffroyana, description by Albert Mousson, 1869
- Index to Organism Names ( ION ), ( online)
- International Plant Names Index, ( on-line)