Myositis

As myositis is called an inflammatory disease of skeletal muscle. Myositis can hereditary, caused by infections (viruses, bacteria, parasites), by the immune system ( allergy, autoimmune disease) caused by toxic substances and disorders. Muscles via the blood vascular system or by injury ( puncture wounds, deep lacerations ) are confronted with the triggering factors.

Occasionally, especially in traumatic myositis, there may be a local metaplasia with a deposition of calcium salts come ( Muskelverknöcherung, myositis ossificans ). Even with paraplegia ( Paraosteoarthropathie ) may lead to such ossification.

Classification

Hereditary myositis

  • Münchmeyer syndrome

Viral myositis

  • Pleurodynia epidemic ( Bornholm disease)

Bacterial myositis

  • Leprosy
  • Syphilis
  • Tetanus and other clostridial infections ( gas gangrene, blackleg, para blackleg )
  • Pyomyositis due to Staphylococcus aureus and other pathogens

Parasitic myositis

  • Sarcosporidiosis
  • Schistosomiasis
  • Trichinosis
  • Cysticercosis ( tapeworm finns )

Autoimmune diseases

  • Polymyositis
  • Dermatomyositis ( actually a vasculitis)
  • Interstitial myositis (actually a vasculitis)
  • Inclusion body
  • Kaumuskelmyositis ( in domestic dogs )

Toxic myositis

  • Myopathy ( disease of horses )
  • Different drugs

Unknown Reason

  • Myositis myoglobinurica

Diagnostics

The diagnosis of myositis is not easy and requires some differential diagnostic considerations. The following laboratory values ​​and examination methods can help you.

Nonspecific inflammation values:

  • Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (with polymyalgia rheumatica )
  • C-reactive protein
  • Blood count ( leukocytes)

Autoimmune antibodies in muscle diseases:

  • Acetylcholine receptor antibody ( myasthenia gravis )
  • ENA antibodies, anti - Jo1
  • Skeletal muscle antibody actin
  • Myosin
  • Connectin

Skeletal muscle values ​​and rather non-specific enzymes:

  • Creatine kinase ( CK MB, CK BB, CK MM, MakroCK )
  • Myoglobin
  • Aspartate aminotransferase
  • Alanine aminotransferase
  • Lactate dehydrogenase

Viruses and bacteria that can infect the muscle:

  • Adenovirus antibodies
  • Epstein-Barr virus antibodies
  • Enterovirus antibody
  • Herpes simplex virus - antibody
  • Influenza virus A-B- antibodies
  • Parainfluenza Virus
  • Staphylococci
  • Streptococci
  • Toxoplasma gondii

With appropriate hospital and medical history:

  • Leptospira antibodies
  • Lyme disease antibody
  • Trichinella antibodies

In addition, muscle biopsy and electromyography can provide important diagnostic clues.

Clostridium Blackleg (disease) larva Masticatory muscle myositis Complete blood count Titin Aspartate transaminase Alanine transaminase Epstein–Barr virus Human parainfluenza viruses
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