National Film Board of Canada
The National Film Board of Canada, abbreviated NFB (French Office national du film du Canada or ONF ), is the national Film Board of Canada, based in Montreal. Your task is to promote the cultural and social representation of the country. The NFB occurs as a film producer and distributor of films and operates film studios, animation studios and archives. The federal agency was founded in 1939 with equal branches of production for English-and French -language films is under the Arts and Culture Ministry. NFB productions have won numerous awards, including twelve Oscars.
Order
The mission of the NFB is to produce audio-visual works and distribute the discussions and debates on issues trigger that initiated the Canadian public as well as in foreign markets on interest, explore the creative potential of the audiovisual media as well as recognition for excellence, relevance and innovation win.
To fulfill this mission, the NFB has defined a list of primary and secondary goals. The primary objectives are:
- Create works that reflect Canada's linguistic duality and cultural diversity
- Create films and audiovisual works on subjects that are of general interest or appeal to a niche audience
- Support innovative and experimental projects in new and interactive media
- Exploitation of the audiovisual heritage of the NFB
Secondary objectives include:
- Emitting NFB films on national television stations and special-interest channels
- Development and maintenance of an e -commerce system to sell products directly to Canadian and international clients
- Development and diversification of markets for NFB products
Structure
The headquarters of the National Film Board is located in Montreal, more precisely in Saint -Laurent district. The surrounding electoral district is named after Norman McLaren, the animation pioneer of the NFB. Also McLaren's name carries the headquarters. Publicly available interactive film centers are located in the city centers of Toronto (NFB Mediatheque ) and Montreal (NFB CineRobotheque ). New York and Paris are sites of international distribution centers. In addition to the English-and French-speaking Studios in Montreal headquarters, there are other production sites. English-language productions, also arise in Toronto (Ontario Centre), Vancouver (Pacific & Yukon Centre), Edmonton (North West Centre), Winnipeg ( Prairie Centre) and Halifax (Atlantic Centre). Since October 2009, the Atlantic Centre also operates a branch in St. John's.
Outside Quebec's French-language productions, also arise in Moncton (Studio Arcadie ). The NFB offers independent filmmakers to support, through funding Filmmaker Assistance Program ( English) and Aide du cinéma indépendant (French).
History
1938 invited the Government of Canada, a British documentary filmmaker John Grierson, to investigate the situation of the state film production. Until then, was founded in 1918 Canadian Government Motion Picture Bureau had been the most important producer of Canadian films. The results of Grierson's study were included in the National Film Act of 1939, which led to the establishment of the NFB. In particular, at that time propaganda materials should be produced in support of the Canadian participation in the Second World War.
Began in 1940 with the distribution of the NFB Canada Carries On, a series of propaganda shorts, with which the morality should be increased. The success of the franchise led to the production of The World in Action, which was the U.S. film newsreel The March of Time inspired and directed more to an international audience. 1941 Norman McLaren began to build the animation department, in the following year received Churchill's Iceland by Stuart Legg first NFB production an Oscar. In the 1940s and early 1950s, the NFB busy "traveling projectionist " who went in remote rural areas, paraded films and discussions initiated.
A revision of the National Film Act in 1950 removed any direct influence of the government in the operation and management of the NFB. The 1952 by Norman McLaren turned and Oscar-winning short film Neighbours made known the pixilation - film technology. 1956 moved the NFB its headquarters from Ottawa to Saint -Laurent, then still an independent suburb of Montreal. Until 1967, the NFB was also responsible for the development of the Canadian film industry. This task was (now Telefilm Canada) outsourced to the Canadian Film Development Corporation.
Opened in 1974, the NFB in connection with the International Women's Year, the studio D. These were the world's first studio, which was female filmmakers reserved. The Studio D had a decidedly feminist orientation and became one of the most successful departments. Three films of the studio won an Oscar: I'll Find a Way by Beverly Shaffer, If You Love This Planet by Terri Nash and Flamenco at 5:15 by Cynthia Scott. There were also numerous other awards. In 1996, the NFB was affected by a massive budget cuts and had, among others, include the Studio D for this reason.
Director of the NFB
- John Grierson (1939-1945)
- Ross McLean (1945-1950)
- William Arthur Irwin (1950-1953)
- Albert Trueman (1953-1957)
- Guy Roberge (1957-1966)
- Grant McLean (1966-1967)
- Hugo McPherson (1967-1970)
- Sydney Newman (1970-1975)
- André Lamy (1975-1979)
- James de Beaujeu Domville (1979-1984)
- François N. Macerola (1984-1988)
- Joan Pennefather (1988-1994)
- Sandra M. Macdonald (1995-2001)
- Jacques Bensimon (2001-2006)
- Tom Perlmutter (2007 -)
Awards
Over the years, the NFB was honored worldwide with more than 5000 film awards. UNESCO participated in the 2009 short film by Norman McLaren Neighbours in the World Documentary Heritage on. The NFB has received more than 90 Genie Awards, including 1989 on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of an honorary genius for special services.
A total of 70 productions from the NFB 70 were nominated for an Oscar, twelve of which received the most important award in the film industry: