Nebbiolo

Nebbiolo is an Italian red wine grape variety.

Properties

The vine Nebbiolo comes from the Piedmont and provides tannic, expressive wines that need to mature long. The Nebbiolo is one of the slowest- maturing wines at all, but so also to those who retain their quality for the longest time (see also the article phenols in wine). The name is derived from nebbia what fog is and points to the white coating on the berries that forms when fully ripe. If the thick -skinned and small-berried variety is ripe, it often happens that fog covered the hills. That's why at Nebbiolo wines at very large vintage variations, depending on how especially the fall fails. Nebbiolo has probably been cultivated since ancient times in the hills of Monferrato and the Langhe. He is mentioned by name already in the writings of the 13th and 14th century.

The vine has attained such high importance and is so popular that it is counted in the nobility of the wine world and is called a noble vine.

The Nebbiolo is one of the most challenging varieties in terms of soil and location. It grows almost exclusively on calcareous marl soils and requires steep south or southwest documents. This extreme claim is probably reason that, unlike other varieties, really high-quality wines have not been pressed in overseas territories. They lack the necessary perfect documents.

The most famous Nebbiolo wines, which are fermented variety, are:

  • Barolo DOCG recognized as
  • Barbaresco DOCG recognized as
  • Roero DOCG recognized as
  • Nebbiolo d' Alba ( in the edge region outside the DOCG location )

Other wines such as the DOCG documents Gattinara and Ghemme from the northern Piedmont, on the banks of the river Sesia, where the variety Spanna is called, can be blended with small amounts of other varieties.

Small amounts come from the DOC documents carema and the Aostatalweinen Donnaz and Arnad - Montjovet.

In Lombardy, where the grape is also called Chiavennasca, top-quality, much -lauded wine is grown with DOCG award in the Valtellina. The Superiore core zone consists of the sub-zones Sass Elle, Grumello, Inferno, and Paradiso Valgella.

Attempts to settle the Nebbiolo outside of Italy have not shown any convincing results. Worldwide approximately 6000 hectares of vineyards are planted with Nebbiolo. The large proportion is to be found in Italy ( 5250 hectares). There are also plantings in Argentina, Mexico, California, Switzerland, South Africa and Brazil.

See also the article viticulture in Italy, viticulture in Argentina, viticulture in the United States (→ viticulture in California viticulture in Oregon, Winemaking in Maryland), viticulture in Brazil, viticulture in South Africa and viticulture in Switzerland and the list of grape varieties.

Ampelographic varietal characteristics

In the ampelography the habit is described as follows:

  • The shoot tip is open. She is hairy and white wool dyed slightly red at the tips. The yellowish young leaves with their bronze-colored edges are also hairy starkwollig.
  • The medium-sized leaves are glossy, thick and relative five-lobed and medium deep sinuate. The petiole is open V-shaped. The blade is serrated blunt. The teeth are set wide compared to the varieties. The leaf surface (also called lamina ) is only slightly blistered.
  • The drum-shaped bunch is medium to large in size and moderately dichtbeerig. Sometimes the grape is shouldered. The roundish to slightly oval berries are medium in size and of a bluish-black to almost black color. The aroma of the berry is fragrant but tasteless.

The berries ripen about 30 days after which the good Dels. It applies in an international context so as late maturing.

The Nebbiolo drives in the spring from early so that the shoot tips are vulnerable to spring frosts. In wet weather during flowering, the variety also tends to coulure. The variety is also susceptible to powdery mildew while against the downy mildew is resistant. In the fall it tends to damp weather to gray mold.

Yields are usually a bit too high, so that a reduction in yield must be performed by a specific grape thinning to achieve good wine qualities.

Descent

In early 2004 it was announced that the Nebbiolo is related to the variety Moscato. The researchers Anna Schneider of Agricultural Institute of the CNR in Grugliasco near Turin and José Vouillamoz ( University of California, Davis, and " Istituto di San Michele all'Adige agrario " today Fondazione Edmund Mach in San Michele all'Adige ) conducted microbiological analyzes of DNA over 1500 varieties through.

The same research suggests that the Italian Moscato variety in turn derived from the Viognier. Furthermore, it is related to the varieties Nebbiolo Rosé, Negrera, Rossola, Vespolina and Bubbierasco.

Synonyms

The grape variety Nebbiolo is also under the name Barbesino, Barolo, Brunenta, Chiavennasca, Chiavennasca di Valtellina, femmina, Lampia, Marchesana, Martesana Melasca, Melaschetto, Melascone, Michet, Monferrato, Morsano di Caraglio, Nebbieul grosso, Nebbieul Maschio, Nebbiolin, Nebbiolin Canavesano, Nebbiolin commune, Nebbiolin lungo, Nebbiolin nero, Nebbiolo d' Antom, Nebbiolo d' Asti Nebbiolo del Bolla, Nebbiolo di Barbaresco, Nebbiolo Barolo, Nebbiolo di Beltram, Nebbiolo di Bricherasio, Nebbiolo di carema, Nebbiolo di Dronero, Nebbiolo di Ivrea, Nebbiolo di Lorenzi, Nebbiolo di Masio, Nebbiolo di Moncrivello, Nebbiolo di Monsordo, Nebbiolo di Nizza, Nebbiolo di Nizza della paglia, Nebbiolo di Piemonte, Nebbiolo di Sciolze, Nebbiolo di Sinestra Tanaro, Nebbiolo di Stroppo, Nebbiolo femmina, Nebbiolo Lampia, Nebbiolo Michet, Nebbiolo occellino, Nebbiolo pajrole, Nebbiolo pignolato, Nebbiolo pirule, Nebbiolo Sinstra Tanaro, Nebieu, Nebieul, Nebieul fumela, Nebbiolo, Nebbiolo du Piedmont, Nibieul burghin, Nibio, Nibiol, Nubiola, Pantiner, Picotender, Picotendre, Picotener, Picotenero, Picoultener, Picoutendro maschio, Pioultener, Poctener, Prugnet, Prunent, Prunenta, Pugnet, Rosetta, Spagna, chip, Spana commune, Spana grossa, Spanna, Spanna a Gattinara, Spanna grossa, Uva Uva chip and Spanna known.

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