Neglected and underutilized crop

In -forgotten, neglected or little genützte crops are often referred to as Neglected and Underutilized Crop Species ( NIS).

NUS are traditionally either as food or feed, or be used for fiber or oil recovery. The medical uses are of great importance. The great potential of this group to be able to contribute to food and income security, is not yet exploited. In addition, NIS are an important part of intact agricultural ecosystems. A detailed scientific study of NIS was often neglected.

Overview

Half of the world's protein and calorie consumption are only three crops - maize, wheat and rice - covered. 95 % of the total food demand will be provided by just 30 plant species available. Estimated 7,500 species are edible world. The group of neglected and underutilized plants ( NUS) include all those that could be used to a greater extent of food production or have been used in the past even increased.

In addition to its market potential carry many of the NIS also contribute to a stable agricultural ecosystem as they are well adapted to the different soil properties and climatic conditions.

Assignment

In order to be assigned to the NIS, three criteria must be met:

  • Proven nutrients or energy value
  • Proven mounting options
  • The plant was grown in the past, to a greater extent
  • The plant is currently cultivated in a geographically limited region
  • Current cultivation to a lesser extent than comparable plants

Properties

NUS have the following general properties:

  • They represent an enormous wealth of agrobiodiversity and have great potential to improve the income of rural populations and contribute to food security. Furthermore, they can give the " hidden hunger ", which is summoned by deficiencies of vitamins and minerals to counteract.
  • They have a great cultural importance ( traditional ) in their area of ​​origin.
  • NIS are often very local and traditional crops; often their occurrence, biology, cultivation and use are poorly documented.
  • They are often adapted to specific agro -ecological niches.
  • A more extensive seed production is not available or only to a small extent.
  • NIS are known for their local and traditional use.
  • NIS was originally collected in nature or developed in traditional production systems with low external input on.
  • NIS are often neglected in the field of research and play with consultants, politicians, but also among consumers only a subordinate role.
  • NUS may have a special nutritional or have a medical importance; many can be used multiple times, for example, Leaves, wood and roots.
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