Nenets languages
The Nenets language ( hist: Jurassic Kische language ) is one of the Samoyed languages. These form the Uralic language family, together with the Finno -Ugric languages.
Spoken in
- Uralic Samoyed Nordsamojedisch Nenets
-
Mis
YRK
Nenets is spoken in the northern Eastern Europe and Northern Asia from the Nenets, a partially nomadic reindeer and retaining population of the tundra and northern taiga. The unwritten language of the Forest Nenets and the verschriftete language of Tundra Nenets are mutually intelligible.
Status, distribution, number of speakers
It is next to the Russian official language belonging to the Russian Federation the Nenets Autonomous District, in the Autonomous District of the Yamal -Nenets Autonomous District and in the Taimyr ( Dolgano - Nenets Autonomous District ). In use, they could also be on the members of the Murmansk Oblast and Kola Peninsula in the north of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug. According to data from 2003 ( Finno - ugrian vestnik No. 29 ), it is spoken by 24,000 people. For 1990 it was stated that 77.1% of 34 665 Nenets Nenets speak as a first language ( official Russian statistics).
The Nenets is amongst the indigenous languages of Russia a special case, as it is not yet threatened with extinction. This is due primarily to the full -nomadic reindeer herding, in which alone the Yamal Peninsula about 5,000 people are engaged throughout the year. Within the nomadic communities represents the Nenets, the dominant language of communication. Disappearance of nomadism, as a result of oil and gas production so the chances of survival of the language would drastically deteriorate.
Written language
The Nenets is the only Samoyed written language. Around 1895 created the first Russian Orthodox missionaries writing and published a grammar and a primer. But in 1932 created a written language only began to be established. First, with Latin letters, written in Cyrillic script since 1937. Since then, besides the oral tradition, a small literature has developed in this language.