Nennig

49.5302226.383228156Koordinaten: 49 ° 31 ' 49 "N, 6 ° 23' 0" E

Location of Nennig in Saarland

Castle at Nennig (April 2006)

Nennig is a district ( municipality ) in the municipality in the district of Perl Merzig- Wadern (Saarland) and one of the three places of Mosel Saar.

• 2.1 Roman Period
• 2.2 Middle Ages
• 2.3 Modern Times
• 2.4 Population development

Geography

Geological classification, soil types and use

Nennig is geologically space on the edge of the Paris Basin and the Lorraine cuesta Mountains. The scenery is part of the territory of the Trier - Luxembourg Triassic bay, which is called Gutland.

The rock base is in Nennig almost everywhere the main limestone dar. From the heights of the Saar- Mosel- nome ( Saargau ) drops the landscape terrace looking on the Mosel back from. Many of the Moselle tapered Tälchen build flat alluvial fan in front of the Moseltalniederung which is broadened here for a length of 9 km to about 1.8 km.

The flood plain is filled with Holocene Auenablagerungen. As soil types predominate silty loams. It 's typical alluvial soils, which have a soil depth between 0.5 and 3 meters and are extremely fertile. Here, the highest for the Saarland plate numbers from 60 to 95 points can be achieved. The entire floodplain is inundated regularly.

According to the soil map of Saarland dominate the field in the frequently flooded sections of the allochthonous brown alluvial soils and prone in the less frequently flooded areas brunification recent alluvial soils that are already reconciled to the Auenbraunerden ( autochthonous Vega ). In groundwater near valleys and flood channels to provide Auengleye or transitional forms one of the Vegen. At the foot of the slope to find Kolluvisole of predominantly clayey Abschwemmmassen. On the falling slopes of the Moselle is found mostly sandy loam soil, brown soil and Pelosol - brown earth.

Unless the soils are suitable for agriculture, they are used as wine, arable and grassland. The distribution of grassland to arable land is determined by a variety of factors. In addition to the earnings capacity and dependence as well as the workability and historical developments play a role. Thus, the grassland areas are historical in the flood plain, as its use as irrigation meadows here was possible in earlier times. Of these, still bear witness to numerous, the surfaces intersecting irrigation ditches. In addition, the floods will come again every year and sometimes high groundwater level limit the agricultural use. Nevertheless, larger areas of grassland have been taken in the flood plain in the agricultural use in the past. Therefore, it can be said that the soil types and the agricultural productivity of related is a major selection criterion for the land use. Viticulture is operated on the descending slopes of the Moselle. On the mighty limestone subsoil Kalkbraunerden have formed there with a high clay and stone content. This soil is in the South and Southwest locations in Nennig the ideal condition for fruity whites and reds.

Mineral resources

On gravel and sand, there are rich deposits which are mined extensively in the flood plain. There are also lower incidence of older origin on some overhanging the Moselle slopes. In large scale limestone and dolomite is observed. The deposits are of special, inter-regional quality. A reduction shall be demonstrated to the Roman period. Since about 1995, no more degradation takes place. Use the rocks found as slabs and paving stones as well as for the production of quicklime.

Climate

The climatic conditions allow the wine in the Mosel slopes at Nennig. On August 8, 2003 40.8 ° C were measured in Nennig. This value was later corrected to 40.3 ° C. The value is not officially recognized by the DWD. The DWD indicates further that the old and new German record temperature in 1983 was derived as 40.2 ° C were recorded in the Bavarian Gärmersdorf.

History

Nennig is first mentioned in 924, but seen in the numerous finds from ancient times been a settlement.

Roman time

With the mosaic of Nennig Nennig is one of the important Roman archaeological sites in the Saarland. The most important building of the Roman period in Saarland is the Villa Nennig. 1852 accidentally discovered significant portions of the property were to 1864 excavated by N. of Wilmowsky, 1866 by H. Schaeffer and from 1869 to 1872 by E. aus'm Weerth. This results in a real themed also in the public forgery scandal occurred. New systematic excavations were carried out from 1987 to 1999 by F. Bertemes, R. Real, K.-P. Henz and B. Bienert instead.

Had long believed that Villa Nennig was a pure luxury and prestige building, the new excavations prove the affiliation of Nenniger system to the type of Axialhofvilla. The building complex is divided into a prestigious residential area ( pars urbana ) and an economy area ( pars rustica). The latter consists of an elongated courtyard, through the wide, paved driveways from the Mosel just 2 km away out of the mansion. On both longitudinal sides of the court were commercial and residential buildings. Three are confirmed by excavation, others are likely to be still unrecognized in the soil. Part of the Hofareals is built over by modern since 1999.

To pars urbana the villa include a stately residential building of 120 m width with a portico facade between corner projections, two related by porticoes side wings, which are interpreted as guest apartments, an isolated location, nearly 500 -square-foot bathhouse from the block type, and a nearly 260 m long garden portico between the main house and bathroom. Mosel Windwärts before the bath building rises on the domain a grave mound ( tumulus or Mahlknopf, dialect Mohknapp ) ( position → 49.5258455656.3788455725 ). Excavations by A. Kolling 1986-87 service provided at the hill foot a head-high circular wall of 44.5 m in diameter and the proof that the tomb was surrounded by a 94 x 100 m measured wall square. After completion of the excavation of the hill was filled again and reconstructed part of the curtain wall. A second hill north of Mahlknopfs is now completely leveled.

Famous is the Villa of Nennig mainly because of the excellent mosaic carpet from the 3rd century AD in the reception hall of the mansion. Of the original eight medallions with figural representations from the amphitheater are received seven. The 15,65 x 10,30 m large mosaic is obtained on the spot. A shelter from the 19th century, making it accessible to visitors. Right and left of the protective building are the foundations of parts of the mansion to visit, including the truncated columns of the peristyle mosaic north of the hall.

According to the evidence dating Direction small finds (coins, brooches, ceramics), Villa Nennig was founded by the 1st century AD The recent finds date from the second half of the 4th century.

Popularly known reports of some underground passages to Mohknapp exist. Moreover, this is confirmed by numerous eyewitness testimony of senior citizens over again. So to even 30 years ago in the Roman villa an input to such a transition have been freely accessible, where you could go several hundred meters almost upright. Also said to have been cut in the expansion of sewerage in the village street toward Besch in the 50s, such a transition. It is not clear whether there is a reference there to the Roman history.

Middle Ages

On the Romans, the Franks followed in Nennig. This occupied some time, the Roman buildings, but no longer held them so that they fell. The Roman villa was destroyed during the final plundering expeditions of the Normans at the Battle of Remich in the year 882. Well shortly thereafter, possibly even earlier several Frankish manors from which emerged the Castle Mountain, Bübingen and Thorn emerged. Of these three, which were previously counted Nennig, Thorn Castle is now outside of the Saarland in the neighboring Rhineland- Palatinate.

The territorial affiliation Nennigs was shared here. So practiced until 1769 the Elector of Trier, the duke of Lorraine and the Duke of Luxembourg collectively the country's sovereignty in Nennig and the time associated Ortenberg and meadow (the latter today to Palzem belonging ) from. This castle was the seat of a Bübingen Luxembourg domination and Schlossberg seat of Lorraine rule. The inhabitants of Nennig, which then consisted of the districts Nennig, meadow, mountain and Bübingen, therefore, were subjects of different masters. However, the four places formed an undivided territorial unit ( condominium ). However, the individual households were different States to tax. A card from the mid-18th century shows this tangled for our present conditions states.

Modern Times

After the invasion of the French revolutionary troops Nennig fell to the Republic of France, until it was in 1815 after the defeat of Napoleon, the Kingdom of Prussia slammed (Rhine Province, Region of Trier, Circle Saar castle ). Since that time, the Moselle is a condominium, the boundary between Prussia (later Germany ) and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. The condominium has an effect in this case such a way that the border of Luxembourg is the German banks and the German border, the Luxembourg bank, the Mosel therefore belongs to both countries.

Since 1945 Nennig belongs to the Saarland and was assigned with other parts of town, which previously belonged to the circle Saar castle, the Merzig -Wadern and in the Office Perl. Until the end of 1973 Nennig was a separate municipality. On January 1, 1974, it was resolved by the Administrative Reform Act and incorporated into the municipality of Perl.

Population Development

The development of the population of Nennig, the values ​​from 1939 to 1974 based on population censuses:

Attractions

• Is internationally known Schlossberg. It houses a casino and a hotel with a three - Michelin -star restaurant under the direction of Christian Bau.