Nephrite

As nephrite is called a mixed crystal of the gapless mixed batch of minerals tremolite and actinolite. It is not recognized by the International Mineralogical Association (IMA ) as a separate mineral.

If nephrite as a mass of interlocking matted microcrystalline fibers before, it is called Jade. This material also called nephrite jade is processed into corresponding coveted gemstones and decorative arts objects, chemically different but clearly from the composed mainly of jadeite jade. The colors of nephrite caused by chromium and iron, ranging from gray green to dark green to almost black, the color can also go to red-brown.

Etymology and history

The name nephrite comes from the Greek language and means νεφρός nephros kidney. An old folk belief says the stone after healing and invigorating effect especially on the kidneys, urinary tract and bladder. Some New Agers also believe in its effectiveness as a healing stone for vision, creativity and others, and as a protective stone, but this is not scientifically proven.

Because of travelogues Georg Forster's late 18th century it became known that the natives of New Zealand nephrite to used to manufacture chisels, hatchets and axes armed ( " Pattu - Pattuhs " ) from it. On the assumption that it must be in this nephrite a variety, was therefore demonstrated in the mineralogical records with various proper names, such as, among others, Beilstein to Werner, Punammustein by Blumenbach or Punamu - nephrite by Reuss. The latter is a modification of the Māori name for the South Island of New Zealand ( " Te Wai Pounamu ").

Varieties

Nephrite with inclusions of magnetite is called magnetite jade.

Russian Jade is the trade name for lush green nephrite from the Russian Federation.