Ngari Prefecture

Ngari ( Tib: mnga ' ris ) is an administrative district in the northwest of the Tibet Autonomous Region in the People's Republic of China. It has an area of 304,683 km ² and 80,000 inhabitants ( 2002). Ngari, making it one of the most sparsely populated areas in Tibet.

Geographical Description

In the west Ngari borders Ladakh and Xinjiang, to the south Spiti (India) and Nepal, on the east by the county government Shigatse (historical Tibetan province of Tsang ) and goes to the north into the Chang Tang. The international border is 1170 km long. Ngari is an average of 4500 m above sea level.

In government Ngari origin of the four great rivers of the South Asian region, north of the Indus, in the east of the Tsangpo ( Brahmaputra ), in the west of Satluj and the Karnali in the south.

The Holy Mountain Kailash (Gang Rinpoche ) is located in Ngari, the holy lake Manasarovar ( Mapham Yutsho ) in a circle Burang and the famous historical sites of the ancient kingdom of Guge ( with Tsaparang and Tholing ) in the district of Zanda. A smaller, eastern part of the disputed territory of Aksai Chin is also in Ngari.

Climate

The climate in Ngari is characterized by high daily and annual temperature variations and low rainfall. Especially in the extreme southwest of the region falls very little rainfall. Therefore, the landscape becomes almost desert-like character. In the government district capital of Ngari, the climate is more moderate, but temperatures of -40 degrees in winter and 25 degrees in the summer are not uncommon. The lowest ever measured average temperature has been reached 1966-1975 with -33.9 degrees in the large village Sengge Zangbo, the highest average temperature was 17.3 degrees in July. Furthermore, Ngari has an average of 78% of hours of sunshine a year, the sunniest region of Tibet. • On average, Ngari about 20 frost -free days.

History

Ngari ( Tib: mnga ' ris dominion ), also killing Ngari (Tib. stod mnga ' ris sway of the upper zone ), is the Tibetan name of the now commonly referred to as " Western Tibet " designated space. The name ' killing Ngari ' is derived from the extreme altitude of this region, which is located in the valleys mostly well over 4,300 m.

Before the emergence of the Tibetan empire in the early 7th century the region was probably with the mythical Shang Shung Kingdom (Tib. zhang zhung ) identical. Under the Tibetan King Songtsen Gampo (reigned 620-649 ) or under the Tibetan king Thrisong Detsen it was then the great Tibetan Empire (7th - 9th century) incorporated.

At the time of the "Second dissemination of teaching" (Tib. phyi is ) arose in Greater Ngari the three kingdoms of Guge (Tib.: ge gu ), Purang (Tib. rang spu, spu heng ) and Ladakh (Tibetan: la dwags ), known as the " killing Ngari Korsun " (Tib. stod mnga ' ris skor gsum, the " western Tibetan triumvirate areas of higher altitude ( = ) Regions " ) were known.

In the period from the 10th to the 14th century Ngari played historically in the development of Tibet an important role, as the local kingdoms were involved after the collapse of the Tibetan Great Oak's particularly in the revival of Buddhism.

Language

Due to the height and the scant resources was and is a large part of the population Ngaris nomads. Their dialect is "upper dialect " ( Tib: stod skad ) called.

Infrastructure

Main Street is the well-developed national road 219, sometimes also called Xinjiang - Tibet Highway.

On 1 July 2010, the airport Ngari Günsa started its operations in the vicinity of the greater community Sengge Zangbo.

Administrative Divisions

The present government Ngari coincides only partially with the historical province of Ngari. The historical Kingdom Mangyül Gungthang and Ladakh were attributed in certain periods Ngari, but extended over regions that are not covered by the circles below. The present government Ngari Prefecture is divided into seven districts. Seat of administration is Sengge Zangbo ( Tib. seng ge bzang po; Chinese:狮泉河 镇, Pinyin: Shiquanhe Zhen, Sengge Zangpo ) on the upper reaches of the Indus River in the district of Gar

601028
de