Niclosamide

• 5-chloro- N-(2 -chloro -4-nitrophenyl )-2- hydroxybenzamide (IUPAC)
• 5,2 '-dichloro -4'- nitrosalicylanilidethanolamin ( ethanolamine salt)

P02DA01

Yellowish-white to yellowish, fine crystals

Anthelmintic

230 ° C.

Practically insoluble in water, slightly soluble in acetone, sparingly soluble in ethanol

Attention

2500 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, rat, oral)

Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available

Niclosamide was introduced in 1959 by Bayer as a molluscicide. In the form of the salt with 2 -aminoethanol, it serves under the names Clonitralid and Bayluscid to combat water snails that transmit schistosomiasis. Similarly, it is used in the Great Lakes of North America harmful to the environment against sea lampreys. Niclosamide is also a drug, which is considered the drug of choice in infections of people with tapeworms. It is also effective against pinworms, and prevents the penetration of cercariae in the human skin.

Chemically, it involves a derivative of salicylic acid and aniline, which are linked as an amide ( salicylanilide ).

Spectrum

Niclosamide acts against the ways:

• Taenia saginata ( beef tapeworm )
• Taenia solium ( pork tapeworm )
• Diphyllobothrium latum (fish tapeworm)
• Enterobius vermicularis ( pinworm )
• Trichobilharzia szidati and Schistosoma mansoni ( blood fluke )

Pharmacokinetics

The substance is practically not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and therefore has no systemic effects on the organism of the host.

Mechanism of action

Niclosamide inhibits the uptake of glucose and glycolysis in the worms.

Clinical Note

When an infestation with the pork tapeworm ( Taenia solium ) is two hours after application of the drug in addition to administer a laxative to prevent cysticercosis occurs.

Use in animals, which are used for food production is banned in the EU.