Nicolas Werth

Nicolas Werth ( born 1950 in Paris ) is a French historian who is a specialist in the history of the Soviet Union. He is director of the research department at the Institut d' histoire du temps présent, part of the Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS ).

Life

Werth's father was the English journalist Alexander Werth, who had been present during the Second World War in the USSR. Nicolas Werth attended the École Normale Supérieure Lettres et sciences humaines and later taught in the secondaire and abroad in Minsk, New York City, Moscow and Shanghai. During perestroika, he was cultural attaché at the French Embassy in Moscow.

Werth has been working his first book ( Être Communiste en URSS sous Staline, Gallimard, 1981) with the history of the Soviet Union. He is particularly interested in the social history of the Soviet Union in the period of 1920 until the beginning of German -Soviet War ( 1941). Here he is particularly interested in the relationship between state and society, such as government encroachment and social resistance. He joined the CNRS in 1989 in a.

Work

Werth carries out its research, among other things with the aim of splitting the " totalitarian " and overcome the " revisionist " schools whose controversies long dominated the historiography of Soviet history. Werth she looks after the collapse of the Soviet Union and the opening of the archives to be outdated. He enriched his investigation not only the findings of the Western Sovietology, but also the work of his Russian colleagues ( Russian is his native language ). Because of its association with the social history, the "long the poor relation to a fixed policy Sovietology " was, he saw himself but rather on the side of the " revisionist " historians. He said contrary to some other historians who held the totalitarian control of the Soviet society for effective, that the reports of the political police only discover " the distortion between the intended reality and the actual reality."

As the author of the section in the Black Book of Communism, the Russian Soviet Republic and the USSR devoted, he distanced himself publicly from the idea that Stéphane Courtois formulated in the preface in the black book and claimed that communism itself call forth crimes. He has denounced equally wrong numbers and " sliding of pure political history " in this publication. Published in 2006, worth a monograph on the tragedy of Nasino (L' Île aux cannibales. , 1933. Une déportation abandon en - Sibérie ). In 2009 he published a monograph on the Great Terror (L' Ivrogne et la marchande de fleurs. Autopsy d'un meurtre de masse, 1937-1938 ).

Nicolas Werth has been increasing since 1997 in the seminar " Histoire soviétique: sources et méthodes " (Eng.: Soviet History: Sources and Methods) under the direction of Vladimir Berelowitsch part. He is also a member of the committee of editors of scientific journals history Vingtième Siècle. Revue d' histoire and Cahiers du monde russe.

Publications (selection)

  • Être Communiste en U.R.S.S. sous Staline ( = Collection Archives Vol. 89). Gallimard / Julliard, Paris 1981, ISBN 2-07-026327-4.
  • La Vie quotidienne the paysans russes de la Révolution à la collectivisation. ( 1917-1939 ). Hachette, Paris 1984, ISBN 2-01-008678-3.
  • Les Procès de Moscou. (1936-1938) ( = La Mémoire du Siècle. Vol 48). Éditions Complexe, Bruxelles, 1987, ISBN 2-87027-211-1 ( Nouvelle édition revue et augmentée. Ibid. 2006, ISBN 2-8048-0101-2 ).
  • Histoire de l' Union soviétique. De l'Empire russe à l' Union soviétique. 1900-1990 ( = Thémis. Histoire ). Presses universitaires de France, Paris, 1990, ISBN 2-13-043572-6 ( 6, édition mise à jour: . De l'Empire russe à la Communauté des États Independants from 1900 to 1991 ( = Thémis Histoire ) ibid 2008. . ISBN 978-2-13-056120-0 ).
  • Une source inédite. Les svodki de la Tcheka - OGPU. In: Revue des Études slaves. Vol 66, No 1, 1994, ISSN 0080-2557, pp. 17-27.
  • Gaël Moullec: repeat secrets soviétiques. La société dans les rapports confidentiels russe, 1921-1991. Gallimard, Paris 1994, ISBN 2-07-073239-8.
  • Histoire de l' Union de soviétique Lénine à Staline. (1917-1953) ( = Que sais - je? 2963 ). Presses Universitaires de France, Paris 1995, ISBN 2-13-046983-3.
  • Histoire de l' Union de soviétique Khrouchtchev à Gorbachev. (1953-1991) ( = Que sais - je? 3038 ). Presses Universitaires de France, Paris 1995, ISBN 2-13-047332-6.
  • 1917th La Russie en Révolution ( = Découvertes Gallimard 327 Histoire ). Gallimard, Paris 1997, ISBN 2-07-053415-4.
  • Un Etat contre son peuple. Violences, repression, Terreurs en URSS de 1917 à 1953, In: . Stéphane Courtois et al ( eds ): Le Livre noir du communisme. Crimes, Terror, repression. Robert Laffont, Paris 1998, ISBN 2-221-08861-1, pp. 45-313.
  • L' Ile aux cannibales. , 1933. Une déportation abandon en - Sibérie. Perrin, Paris 2006, ISBN 2-262-02434-0 (in German language: .. . Island of cannibals Stalin's Gulag forgotten from the French by Enrico Heinemann and Norbert Siedler Juraschitz, Munich 2006, ISBN 3- 88680-853 X - ).
  • Les politiques et sociaux du enjeux " Degel ". In: Stéphane Courtois (ed. ): Le jour se lève. L' héritage you totalitarisme en Europe, 1953-2005. Éditions du Rocher, Monaco 2006, ISBN 2-268-05701-1, pp. 121-145, 450-456 Notes.
  • The Gulag in the prism of the archives. Approaches, Insights, Results. In: Eastern Europe. Vol 57, No. 6, 2007, ISSN 0030-6428, pp. 9-30.
  • La Terreur et le désarroi. Staline et son système. Perrin, Paris 2007, ISBN 978-2-262-02462-8.
  • Les années Staline. Photographies par collectées Mark Grosset. Texts de Nicolas Werth. Chêne, Paris 2007, ISBN 978-2-84277-547-6 (in German language: .. . Stalin era, the life in a totalitarian society Translated from the French by Enrico Heinemann Theiss, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-8062 - 2185-5 ).
  • L' Ivrogne et la marchande de fleurs. Autopsy d'un meurtre de masse. From 1937 to 1938. Tallandier, Paris 2009, ISBN 978-2-84734-573-5.
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