Nikkei 225

The Nikkei 225 (Jap.日 経225;日 経 平均 株 価, Nikkei Heikin kabuka, dt " Nikkei share average price " ) is one of several stock market indices of the newspaper Nihon Keizai Shimbun for measuring the development of the Tokyo Stock Exchange. He based the 225 values.

Calculation

The Nikkei 225 is Asia's most important stock index. It is calculated according to the Dow Jones method without dividends, subscription rights and special distributions, that is, it is a price-weighted price index. The weighting is done with the usual in Japan face value of 50 yen. In March 2011, the divisor for the overall index was 24.917. Shares with other denominations and split shares will be converted accordingly. Once a year it is decided which secrete companies in the Nikkei Index or new ones added. Adjustments for listing end (mergers, etc. ) are performed continuously.

The index value shall be determined by adding the market values ​​. The weight of an index member is obtained based on the share price of its stock to the sum of the stock prices in the index. The calculation method leads to an overemphasis of shares with a numerically high value. Correction factors are the most distorted smooth. Nevertheless, companies possess the fields of information technology and telecommunications, representing the modern Japan, only a small weight. Among the heavyweights, however, are - due to an optically high price - numerous industrial companies (especially in the sectors of coal and steel industry and transport).

The Japanese leading index is updated on the Tokyo stock exchange every 15 seconds. Trading hours: Monday to Friday 9:00 bis 11:00 clock clock to 12.30 clock bis 15:00 clock local time ( corresponding to 1:00 bis 3:00 clock clock clock bis 7:00 clock to 4:30 CET, at Daylight saving time one hour later because Japan no daylight saving time makes ).

History

20th century

The Nikkei 225 was first published on 7 September 1950 by the Tokyo Stock Exchange and to 1949 (daily rates) and to 1914 ( monthly rates) calculated back. Since 1 July 1971, the business newspaper Nihon Keizai Shimbun (Nikkei ) is responsible for the daily calculation of the stock market barometer.

Milestones in the development were February 20, 1960, when the index with 1002.46 points for the first time closed above the 1,000 -point mark, and December 22, 1972, when he with 5025.54 points for the first time the trade on the 5000 points mark ended. Through January 31, 1973, the Nikkei rose further to 5359.74 points. During the oil crisis of 1973 and the global recession of 1974, the Japanese leading index fell to 9 October 1974, a low of 3355.13 points. This was a decline from January 1973 to 37.4 percent. On March 28, 1978, the index ended trading with 5360.34 points back over his record of 31 January 1973.

On January 9, 1984, the Nikkei closed at 10053.81 points for the first time above the limit of 10,000 points and on 30 January 1987, 20048.35 points for the first time surpassed the mark of 20,000 points. On 20 October 1987, the stock index suffered with 14.90 percent of the largest daily loss in its history. Reason was Black Monday, when the value of the Dow Jones Industrial Average broke on 19 October 1987 at the New York Stock Exchange, up 22.6 percent. In the following years, the Nikkei marked another record levels. The limit of 30,000 points fell for the first time on 7 December 1988, when the index with 30050.82 points ended trading.

On 29 December 1989, the Nikkei marked with 38957.44 points during trading and 38,915.87 points on a closing basis all-time highs. After the end of the bubble economy and the bursting of the speculative bubble in the Japanese stock and real estate market in 1990, the index fell to 3 July 1995 to 14485.41 points. In the following years, the stock index fluctuated considerably. Until June 26, 1996, he rose to 22666.80 points and then declined during the Asian crisis until October 9, 1998 to 12879.97 points. The loss during this period is 43.2 percent. Until 12 April 2000, the Nikkei rose to a high of 20833.21 points.

21st Century

After the bursting of the speculative bubble in the technology sector ( dot-com bubble ), the Japanese leading index fell to a low of 7607.88 points to 28 April 2003. That was a decline since December 1989 by 80.5 percent. The April 28, 2003 marked the end of the descent. From the spring of 2003, the index was back on the way up. By 9 July 2007, the Nikkei rose to 18261.98 points. That was in April 2003, an increase of 140.0 percent.

In the course of the international financial crisis in the U.S. real estate crisis originated in the summer of 2007, the Nikkei began to fall again. On 8 October 2008, he graduated with 9203.32 points below the limit of 10,000 points. Due to the fear about the U.S. real estate crisis increased volatility. On 14 October 2008, the Nikkei achieved with 14.15 percent of the largest daily gain in its history. At the lowest level since October 6, 1982, the index fell on March 10, 2009, when he finished trading with 7054.98 points. Since the all-time high of December 29, 1989, this represents a decrease of 81.9 percent.

The March 10, 2009 marked the turning point of the descent. From the spring of 2009, the Nikkei 225 was back on the way up. Until 5 April 2010, it rose by 60.7 percent to a closing level of 11339.30 points. Five months later, on 31 August 2010, the index closed lower at 8824.06 points, up by 33.9 percent. On 21 February 2011, the stock market barometer ended the day at 10857.53 points. The gain since August 2010 is 23.0 percent.

On 14 September 2011, the first trading day after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake, concluded the Japanese leading deeper 6.18 percent. On 15 March 2011, the Nikkei 225 experienced a decline of 10.55 percent the third largest price drop in its history. Reason was the fear of a disaster at the nuclear power plant in Fukushima I. As a result of the natural disaster exploded multiple reactors at the power station; the Japanese government signed a meltdown is not enough. Investors were concerned about the economic development of the country. They feared a relapse into recession and the increase in government debt.

The slowdown in the global economy and the intensification of the euro crisis led to a fall in the Japanese benchmark index. On 25 November 2011, the Nikkei 225 ended the day at 8160.01 points. The loss since its peak on 21 February 2011 is 24.8 percent. The announcement of new bond purchase programs of the European Central Bank, the U.S. Federal Reserve and the Bank of Japan led to a recovery of prices in the stock market. The monetary stimulus played a greater role in price formation, as the global economic slowdown and the position of the company. On January 11, 2013, the index closed at 10801.57 points, up by 32.4 per cent as on November 25, 2011.

Highs

The overview shows the all-time highs in the Nikkei 225

Milestones

The table shows the milestones of the back-calculated to 1949 Nikkei 225

The best days

The table shows the best days of back-calculated to 1949 Nikkei 225

The worst day

The table shows the worst days of back-calculated to 1949 Nikkei 225

Annual development

The table shows the development of the back-calculated to 1914 Nikkei 225

Bull markets

The longest bull market of the Nikkei 225 lasted between 1982 and 1989 a total of 2646 days. The bull market with the largest gain also occurred between 1982 and 1989. Investors gained during this period with shares 468.1 percent. Since 1950, according to a study by the US-based analysis company Ned Davis Research 15 cyclical bull markets with an average duration of 901 days. The average income was 75.7 percent.

Bull markets are for a definition of Ned Davis Research gains in the Nikkei 225 index of at least 30 percent after the expiration of 50 days or a rise in the index by 13 per cent after a period of 155 days.

Bear markets

The longest bear market in the Nikkei 225 lasted between 2000 and 2003 a total of 1111 days. The bear market with the largest loss also occurred zwischen 2000 and 2003. Investors lost during this period with shares of 63.5 percent. Since 1949 there were, according to a study by the U.S. analysis company Ned Davis Research 15 cyclical bear markets with an average duration of 468 days. The average loss was 37.4 percent.

Bear markets are a definition of Ned Davis Research depreciation of the Nikkei 225 index of at least 30 percent after the expiration of 50 days or a decline in the index by 13 per cent after a period of 145 days.

Composition

The Nikkei 225 consists of shares of the following companies (May 2011):

All listed companies have the legal form of a Kabushiki - gaisha ( KK; German Aktiengesellschaft). In English, this Company Incorporated is optionally written out or abbreviated Corporation (Corp. ), Company ( Co.) Limited (Ltd. ) Company, Limited (. Co., Ltd. ), Kaisha Limited ( Kaisha, Ltd.. ) (Co., Inc.) or Incorporated ( Inc. ) is reproduced. In the list of abbreviations are all stated for the legal form of additives.

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