Nikolay Ogarev
Nikolai Platonovich Ogarev (Russian Николай Платонович Огарёв; born 24 Novemberjul / December 6 1813greg in Saint Petersburg, .. .. † 31 Maijul / June 12 1877greg in London) was a Russian socialist, journalist and poet. In exile, he was together with Alexander Ivanovich heart editor of the opposition newspaper Kolokol (German: Die Glocke ), which became widespread in Russia.
Life
In his youth, Nikolai Ogarev was active in the student movement at the University of Moscow. In 1834 he was arrested and deported to the province of Penza. When he returned to Moscow he became friends with Alexander Herzen and was in contact with Mikhail Bakunin. In 1840, he fled to Berlin, where he attended the University of Berlin. Six years later, he returned to Russia. He was arrested a second time in 1850, but was released shortly thereafter and decided at the age of 43 years to the UK to emigrate. He settled in London and took part together with the heart on the publication of the weekly newspaper Kolokol (German: Die Glocke ) and the literary and socio-political anthologies Polaris. Both publications were distributed illegally in Russia and among the most important newspapers and magazines of the Russian opposition.
He developed at this time, a program for the liberation of the Russian serfs by a peasant uprising and propagated the idea of a Russian socialism, which came very close to the ideas of the Populists. Ogarev was co-founder of Zemlya i volya (German: Land and Freedom ), a clandestine revolutionary society, but which was only a short time. It was founded in 1876 by M. A. Natanson. The program included more social than political demands: All land to the peasants, self-determination for all parts of the Russian Empire, the transfer of the functions of self-government to the agricultural community. GV Plekhanov was one of first to their supporters; only the Congress from June 24, 1879 led to a break.
Later Ogarev took part in the propaganda campaigns of Bakunin and Sergei Nechaev. In 1865 he moved to Geneva and participated in the Geneva section of the International Workingmen's Association. In 1873 he moved back to London and died there at the age of 63 years.
On May 7, 1970, the Mordvinian state university was named in Saransk after Ogarev and it was in his honor a museum opened.