Nitrosomonas

  • Nitrosomonas aestuarii
  • Nitrosomonas communis
  • Nitrosomonas cryotolerans
  • Nitrosomonas europaea
  • Nitrosomonas eutropha
  • Nitrosomonas halophila
  • Nitrosomonas marina
  • Nitrosomonas mobilis
  • Nitrosomonas nitrosa
  • Nitrosomonas oligotropha
  • Nitrosomonas ureae

Nitrosomonas is a genus of gram-negative bacteria from the family of Nitrosomonadaceae. These are rod- shaped or spherical cells that are occasionally arranged in chains of cells. The cells are mostly polar flagella. Some species form under certain circumstances, slimy cell aggregates (eg Nitrosomonas oligotropha ). All kinds of Nitrosomonas oxidize under oxic conditions ammonia ( NH3) into nitrite ions ( NO2 - ), this genus is therefore one of the Ammoniakoxidierern. All generic names of bacteria ammoniakoxidierenden start with " nitroso ". Some species oxidize urea.

Ecology

The various species occur in different habitats. Many come in soils ( Nitrosomonas communis, Nitrosomonas europaea, Nitrosomonas ureae ), many in the aquatic environment (eg, Nitrosomonas eutropha ). Many species are salt- loving ( halophilic ) and can proliferate at high salt concentrations. For example, Nitrosomonas halophila was found in brackish water and in soda lakes. A kryophile ( cold-loving ) nature, Nitrosomonas cryotolerans, was found in the Gulf of Alaska and may in the laboratory at temperatures down to -5 ° C are cultivated.

The nitrification

With their chemolithotrophic lifestyle the types of Nitrosomonas be counted among the " nitrite bacteria". The oxidation of ammonia to nitrite, represents the first step of the nitrification

Nitrite ions are oxidized to nitrate ions ( NO3- ) - In the second step of nitrification in natural environments - from other bacteria such as Nitrobacter, called accordingly " nitrate bacteria".

Nitrification is part of the natural nitrogen cycle.

Species

  • The type Nitrosomonas mobilis is to be regarded as not yet secured.
  • Synonyms for: Nitrosomonas europaea: Planococcus europaeus, Bacterium Nitrosomonas europaea Pseudomonas

Swell

Here used classification by: LPSN List of Prokaryotic Names with Standing in Nomenclature and NCBI, and George M. Garrity: Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology.

Proteobacteria Betaproteobacteria Nitrosomonadales
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