Nizhneangarsk

Nischneangarsk (Russian Нижнеангарск ) is an urban-type settlement in the Autonomous Republic of Buryatia (Russia) with 5030 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010 ).

Geography

The settlement is located at the northern end of Lake Baikal, on the western edge of the common deltas of the rivers Upper Angara and Kitschera, near the mouth of the Kitschera. Nischneangarsk is located about 450 kilometers (direct distance) north-northeast of the Republic capital of Ulan -Ude.

The settlement is the administrative center of Severo- Rajons Baikalsky ( North Baikal ).

History

Its history goes back to the force as a founding back in 1643, when Russian Cossack Semyon Skorochod during their expansion into Siberia from the upper Lena coming here reached the Lake Baikal. 1646 was Vasily Kolesnik build a Ostrog, the first Russian settlement on Lake Baikal, on originally ewenkischem area. The exact location of the ostrogs is unknown.

The first settlement was named Werchneangarsk, or about Upper Angara settlement, after the close opening into the Lake River. The present name, such as sub - Angara - settlement became common only towards the end of the 19th century and refers to the situation in the vicinity of the lower reaches of that river.

As in the 17th century, the main direction of Russian expansion in Siberia and Transbaikalia on their southern areas shifted (creation of Irkutsk in 1661 Nertschinsk 1658 Sretensk 1689), Werchne or Nischneangarsk remained insignificant, but had local significance as a fishing base for the northern part of Lake Baikal and the leading- flows. At the end of the 19th century, the five villages of the area around the north end of lake Baikal with administrative center in Nischneangarsk together less than 1000 inhabitants.

In connection with the early plans for the construction of the Baikal - Amur Mainline (BAM ) was the place - now also the administrative center of the then about 75,000 km ² Rajons Severo- Baikalsky ( North Baikal ) - 1938 the status of an urban-type settlement awarded.

With the construction of the Baikal- Amur Mainline as the All-Union Komsomol construction project from the 1970s, the place took first with its pier on Lake Baikal and as a supply base for railway construction in the direction Tynda a significant upswing. However, 25 km south-east on the Baikal shore from 1970 in 1980 to the city raised Sewerobaikalsk arose Nischneangarsk lost the new economic importance of the latter soon, but remained Rajonverwaltungszentrum. As in all other places along the BAM decreased the population of Nischneangarsk since the end of the 1980s, but less strongly.

Demographics

Note: Census data

Economy and infrastructure

In Nischneangarsk a station of the Baikal - Amur Mainline is ( Nischneangarsk II; kilometer from Taischet 1090 ). The provisional railway traffic from the west to Nischneangarsk has already been taken around 1980, the regular operation on the entire section of Sewerobaikalsk about Nischneangarsk to Novaya Chara but only in 1989, inter alia, because of the complicated completion of the four Baikal Foothill Tunnel on steep Baikal shore between Sewerobaikalsk and Nischneangarsk to exist before the temporary diversion routes.

Nischneangarsk 's northernmost boat pier on Lake Baikal and end of the regular passenger line from Irkutsk. Through the town also performs the following BAM road.

Four kilometers north-east of the village lies the Nischneangarsk airport ( ICAO code UIUN ), which serves the entire northern Baikal area with the city Sewerobaikalsk.