Noe Zhordania

Noe Schordania (Georgian ნოე ჟორდანია; Russian Ной Николаевич Жордания, Noi Nikolayevich Schordanija; * 2 Januarjul / January 14 1868greg in Lantschchuti, West Georgia, .. † January 11, 1953 in Paris) was a Georgian politician ( Social Democrat ). He was a journalist and June 24, 1918 to March 17, 1921 Prime Minister of Georgia.

Life

Studies and career

Schordania was born as the son of a nobleman. He graduated from the Theological Seminary in Tiflis, he later studied at the Veterinary Institute in Warsaw.

Together with Nikoloz Chiedze and G. Tsereteli he founded in 1893 in Tbilisi, the first Socialist Party of Georgia, the Messame - Dassi group (Eng. The third group ). In order to avoid an imminent arrest, he left the country, was a correspondent for the liberal magazine Kwali (Eng. The furrow ). Even in the 1890s he returned and founded the magazine Sotsial Democracy (German Social Democracy ).

Menshevik opposition

In 1906 he was elected in the constituency of Tbilisi on the Members of the Second State Duma in Moscow. There he became President of the Socialist Group. 1907 to 1912 he was a member of the Social Democratic Central Committee. In the summer of 1912 he became editor of the Menshevik newspaper Nashe Slovo in Baku. In 1914 he worked with Leon Trotsky on the magazine Borba (Eng. The fight ).

In February 1917 he was Chairman of the Workers 'and Soldiers' Council of Tbilisi, repeatedly asked sharply against Bolshevik tendencies. In vain, he traveled to Moscow in September to enforce Menshevik positions in the Russian Pre-Parliament, returned after the October revolution disappointed back to Tbilisi. Schordania continued from then on to the independence of Transcaucasia from Russia.

Georgian Prime Minister

On November 26, 1917, the Georgian National Assembly (Georgian Dampudsnebeli Kreba ) elected him as their president. On 24 June 1918 he was Noe Ramischwilis Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of Georgia as his successor. By 1921 Schordania stood at the forefront of a social democratic- bourgeois government. He sat agrarian reform and a comprehensive social legislation through, introduced the eight-hour day and went hard against against Bolshevik and separatist movements in Georgia.

He strove successfully to an international recognition of Georgia by the world powers. First, he was an ally of the German Empire. Following the military defeat of Germany, he joined his country with Western Europe and forced Soviet Russia on May 7, 1920, international recognition of Georgia.

On February 25, 1921 Schordania and the Georgian government were expelled by the Red Army from Tbilisi. At first he lived in Kutaisi, then in Batumi. On March 18, 1921 he left Georgia and went into exile in France.

Exile

In France, he first lived in Paris from 1922 in Leuville -sur -Orge and participated from there to the preparation of the August Uprising in Georgia in 1924.

He wrote several books in which he criticized the policy of the Soviet Union as an " imperialism revolutionary mask ". 1968 his autobiography chemu dsarduli, Magonebani was (Eng. My Life ) published in English and Russian.

Schordania was buried in the municipal cemetery in Leuville -sur -Orge. Georgian President Mikheil Saakashvili has Schordania honored on 10 March 2004 with a wreath on his grave and the family a reburial and a state funeral in Tbilisi offered.

In France, the Paris-based Institute Noé Jordania dedicated to the legacy Schordanias and the history of social democracy in Georgia.

606858
de