Noria

A noria is a water wheel rotating about a horizontal axis, which appeared with a portion of its circumference in water and water buckets (also called " Kümpfe " ) is busy. This bucket fill with water when they are immersed in the river or fountain. In the area of the highest point of the wheel, the contents of the bucket is then emptied into a catch basin, from where it flows into an irrigation canal.

The containers or buckets may be movable, they then depend, for example at round nails and tilt by strip with an attached bow at her side the edge of the gutter. Once the arteries are fixed, they must be provided so that in the highest position, the water flows out automatically. This includes the Chinese bucket whose vessels are made of bamboo. Instead of occupying the circumference of the wheel with individual vessels, one also performs the whole rim as a cavity, which is divided by parallel to the wheel axis standing partitions into cells ( cells wheels). These cells received on the scope or laterally required for scooping and pouring openings.

This also includes the drum gear and the worm wheel. A bucket is mostly driven by water power, but can also be set by human, animal, wind or engine power in motion.

The smaller the scoop bucket and the less scooping buckets are attached to the wheel, the greater the difference in height, which can be handled at a given driving force. In this way, differences in height can be overcome by a few meters, with appropriately selected large wheel diameters. Is not sufficient, the existing flow for the desired delivery rate, so can contribute to the enhancement of flow micro-dams ( " wing"), to be built in the river, which supply the wheel, the water in the appropriate angle. As well as the wheels themselves - - In the operated only in the summer of historic water pumping wheels on the slowly flowing Regnitz at Möhrendorf these weirs are traditionally newly built at the beginning of each summer season.

Driven by water power water wheels are attached directly to the water wheel with his paddle boards, which is driven by the flow. It is not necessary to power transmission over the axle. Such waterwheels are naturally operated mainly in places with low gradient, because the water for irrigation could also be derived without water wheel on a higher ground otherwise. Specific dissemination have found these wheels on large streams such as the Euphrates, Tigris, Nile and Indus.

The famous waterwheels ( Norias ) in Hama in Syria are considered the largest in the world. They overcome with correspondingly large diameter wheels height differences, sometimes in excess of 30 meters. The art of water Mértola in Portugal probably had a bucket of 24 m diameter.

A further development of the classic bucket wheel has created hydropower in Menden the company Bega. Instead of scoops a separate bucket with a water wheel driving ( here: rückschlächtiges bucket ) was combined. Unlike suction cups the wheel has separate inlets ( radially arranged slots ) and outlets (lateral drains ). The bucket used to fill an encircling canal of Hönne island in Menden. It is powered by the water of the Hönne.