Noteć
The mouth of the networks in the Warta River in Santok
The networks (Polish Noteć ) is the most important tributary of the Warta river ( Warta ). It is 366 km long and has a catchment area of 17,240 km ². The river rises in the Greater Poland Voivodeship between Kolo ( Kolo ) and Wloclawek ( Leslau ) and flows through the Goplosee and the city Inowroclaw ( Inowrazlaw ) in central Poland and flows south past Pila ( Pila ). There is a channel connection via Bydgoszcz ( Bromberg ) to the Vistula (Wisła ), the Bydgoszcz Canal ( Kanał Bydgoski ), built from 1772 to 1774. In Santok ( Zantoch ) the nets joins the Warta.
The lower reaches of the river from the confluence of Drage ( Drava ) follows the Thorn- Eberswalde glacial valley, it forms the Netzebruch, a boggy marshland, which was sparsely populated before the 18th century. Only in Zantoch and Driesen ( Drezdenko ) there were river crossings at which emerged fortifications. In the Middle Ages a number of castles were built to protect the Polish heartland north along the networks. However, this clearly enough, moreover, so that the boundary of the later German Pomeranian Duchy of grasping went further north. Middle of the 13th century was the lower nets from the possession of Poland into the Brandenburg Neumark. With the onset of the 12th and 14th century German colonization in the swamp very few settlements established.
Netzebruch
When Elector Joachim Friedrich was built in 1603 the fortress Driesen, was a first systematic settlement of the networks break. 1722 emerged the first plans for an overarching draining of the marshes, but until 1728 they built only other new villages. In the swamps there was a large wild boar population, their existence in the case of draining obviously gave cause for concern. In answer to the concerns raised, King Frederick William I responded by saying: Better people than pigs.
The devastating floods in Warthebruch of 1736 were a cause for establishment of a drainage Commission, which began its work in 1738. Hydraulic engineer and upper dike inspector Simon Leonard of Haerlem submitted in 1739 a proposal for the melioration of both fractures, which provided for the settlement of the networks break with 82 families. The beginning of the work was prevented by the Seven Years' War. 1763 was the measurement of the fracture networks and in June began with the draining, which was completed in 1769. The entire works were under the guidance of the domain Council Franz Balthasar Schoenberg of Brenkenhoff ( 1723-1780 ). After the First Partition of Poland, the area was around the river in 1772 Netzedistrict a part of the Kingdom of Prussia. After the defeat of Prussia by Napoleon in 1807 it went back to the re-established Polish state Duchy of Warsaw, but was again after the Congress of Vienna in 1815 Prussian.
The majority of the settlers of the dried-out fracture were German -speaking immigrants from Poland, whose number amounted to nearly two-thirds. Another tenth were Saxons. Because of flood protection is not sufficient several dams, dikes and ditches were built in the 19th century. Between 1872 and 1874 the flood dam - Pollychen Zantoch, which became the dividing line between the Warta and Netzebruch arose. But still there was in almost every year of flood damage. For this reason, the Reichstag adopted in 1929, Warta and networks - law. In the context of job creation schemes for the unemployed, the dams were improved and built pumping stations.
- Warta river system
- River in Europe
- River in Poland