Nova Friburgo
Nova Friburgo on the map of Rio de Janeiro
Nova Friburgo is a city in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro. The city has approximately 182,000 inhabitants to 933 km ². It is located in the Serra Fluminense in about 850 meters above sea level, 130 kilometers northeast of the city of Rio de Janeiro.
- 4.1 Education
- 4.2 Culture
- 4.3 Sport
Geography
Near the town of Nova Friburgo arise several rivers: the Rio Grande, Rio Bengalas, Rio Macaé, Rio Cônego, Rio Santo Antônio and many smaller ones.
The downtown Nova Friburgos is on 846 m, this height is displayed on a plaque at the foot of the statue of Alberto Braune on the Praça Getúlio Vargas. Another plaque on the statue of Getúlio Vargas denotes the center of the state of Rio de Janeiro.
Some neighborhoods, such as Caledonia and Mury, reaching a height of over 1000 m. Other neighborhoods, such as São Romão in Lumiar, reach a maximum height of 200 m.
Highest elevations
- Pico Maior de Friburgo - the highest points of the Serra do Mar, with a height of 2,316 m.
- Pico de Medio Friburgo - 2,285 m
- Pico Menor de Friburgo - 2,262 m
- Pico da Caledonia - 2,219 m
- Pedra do Capacete - 2,200 m
- Pedra Cabeça de Dragão ( Dragon's Head ) - 2,018 m
- Garrafão - 1,750 m
Climate
Nova Friburgo has a tropical mountain climate, with cold and dry winters and warm, humid summers. The average temperature is 16 ° C. In the higher regions of the Munizips also sub-zero temperatures and snow were reported. The highest recorded temperature was 37 ° C, measured on 27 January 1986. The lowest measured temperature was on July 15, 1892 -2.5 ° C.
History
Nova Friburgo was initially founded by 261 families who emigrated 1819-1820 from Switzerland to Brazil, overall it was 1,682 immigrants. The community was named in honor of her Swiss hometown Freiburg ( Friburgo in Portuguese, Fribourg in French) baptized in the name of " Nova Friburgo ". It was the first municipality in Brazil, which was colonized by Swiss and the first non- Portuguese language colony on Brazilian soil. The first immigrants settled here between the 3rd and May 4th, 1824 down, two months before São Leopoldo (Rio Grande do Sul ) was settled.
On May 16, 1818 allowing King João VI. Swiss Immigrants from Freiburg (Fribourg) to immigrate to Brazil and settle on the Fazenda do Morro Queimado in the district favela. The choice of the location was made after consideration of the climatic conditions that were similar to the origin of the immigrants. Finally, until 1820 reached 261 families from Switzerland the place, 161 more than were originally agreed. With the unexpected settlers current Nova Friburgo was awarded the rank of a city on January 3, 1820. The award of the city rights were finally on 17 April 1820.
After the proclamation of independence of Brazil (1822 ), the country's Major George Antônio Scheffer government sent to Germany where the end of the current settlers to Leopoldina and Frankenthal negotiate in Bahia. For various reasons, the settlers in Nova Friburgo found again, where they arrived in 1824.
On January 8, 1890 Nova Friburgo was the big city. This was due to the steady growth of the population, mainly by Italian, Portuguese and Syrian immigrants.
1872 saw the Baron of Nova Friburgo for connecting the town to the railway network of the " Estrada de Ferro Leopoldina ". This connection was important for the export of coffee products from the region around the favela in the first place. This connection, improving the connection to Rio de Janeiro and Niterói, the expansion of industry and tourism ensured a steady growth of the economic situation of the city. The railway line was shut down in 1960, the deputy Rogério Cabral (PSB ) in 2007 put the request to reopen the route for tourism purposes before.
Diocese of Nova Friburgo
- Diocese of Nova Friburgo
Infrastructure
Education
In recent years, various institutions have opened more institutions of higher education in Nova Friburgo. Thus the profile of the city is changing more and more away from the original industrial cityscape towards an education -based image.
In the field of secondary education, the city belongs to those with the best facilities in Brazil. In 2007, the Colégio Anchieta ENEM reached the 17th place in the national comparison.
In the city you will find the Faculdade de Filosofia universities Santa Doroteia, Faculdade de CEFET and Odontologia de Nova Friburgo ( FONF ). There is also the Universidade Federal Fluminense Institute ( UFF ), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro ( UERJ, IPRJ ), Universidade Cândido Mendes ( UCAM ) and Universidade Estácio de Sá ( UNESA ).
Culture
Every year in the city center, the traditional closing ceremonies of the five samba schools ( Acadêmicos do Prado, Alunos do Samba, Imperatriz de Olaria, Unidos da Saudade e Vilage no Samba) rather than on the Avenida Alberto Braune, between Rua Ariosto Bento de Mello and the Town Hall. Another part of the cultural life of the city are the Teatro Municipal Ariano Suassuna, on the Praça do Suspiro, opened in 2008, and the Symphony Orchestra of the Universidade Candido Mendes.
Sports
In Nova Friburgo can exert different (trend ) Sports: Canoeing, Downhill, mountain climbing, off-road, paragliding, trekking.
The largest football club in the city, Friburguense, was founded on 14 March 1980. The first remarkable results achieved, the team at the beginning of the 1990s. Friburguense participated in all 13 Campeonatos Estaduais (Rio State Championship ) participated since 1997 and fell while never seriously in danger of relegation. The association has 1,300 members today. Friburguense plays in Eduardo Guinle Stadium ( 12,000 seats).
Economy
In addition to the emerging tourism Nova Friburgo is still an agricultural center. In the environment, especially vegetables are grown and used in animal husbandry, especially the turkey breeding. Another important sector is the textile industry, especially there are numerous factories that make underwear.
Sons and daughters of the town
- Gustavo Nery, football players, including Werder Bremen
- Reginaldo Faria - actor and director
- Roberto Farias - television and film director
- Isis de Oliveira - Actress
- Luma de Oliveira - Model
- Alberto da Veiga Guignard - Painter
- Felga - Artists
- Benito di Paula - Singer
- Luiz Eduardo Soares - political scientist
- Galdino do Valle Filho - physician and politician
- Léa Maria Fonseca da Costa - Mãe -de- santo
- José Eugênio Müller, local politicians
In Nova Friburgo died in 1971, the painter Arthur Kaufmann, a co-founder of the Düsseldorf artist group The Young Rhineland.